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Impact of neutron irradiation on hardening of baseline and advanced tungsten grades and its link to initial microstructure

Chao Yin, Dmitry Terentyev, Andrii Dubinko, Tao Zhang, Marius Wirtz, Steffen Antusch, Roumen H. Petrov, Thomas Pardoen2021年被引用 11Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

Six tungsten grades were irradiated in the Belgian material test reactor (BR2) and characterized by Vickers hardness tests in order to investigate the irradiation-induced hardening. These tungsten grades included: Plansee (Austria) ITER specification tungsten, ALMT (Japan) ITER specification tungsten, two products from KIT (Germany) produced by powder injection molding (PIM) and strengthened by 1% TiC and 2% Y2O3 dispersed particles, and rolled tungsten strengthened by 0.5% ZrC from ISSP (China). The materials were irradiated face-to-face at three temperatures equal to 600 °C, 1000 °C, and 1200 °C to the dose of ∼1 dpa. The Vickers hardness tests under 200 gf (HV0.2) were performed at room temperature. The Vickers hardness increases as the irradiation temperature increases from 600 to 1000 °C for all materials, except for the ZrC-reinforced tungsten, for which the increase of hardness does not depend on irradiation temperature. The irradiation-induced hardness decreases after irradiation at 1200 °C. This is a result of defect annealing enhanced by thermally activated diffusion. However, even at 1200 °C, the impact of neutron irradiation on the hardness increase remains significant; the hardness increases by ∼30 to 60% compared to the non-irradiated value. In the case of TiC-strengthened material, the irradiation hardening progressively raises with irradiation temperature, which cannot be explained by the accumulation of neutron irradiation defects solely.

日本語訳

6種類のタングステン材料をベルギー材料試験炉(BR2)で照射し、照射誘起硬化を調査するためにビッカース硬さ試験により特性評価を行った。これらのタングステン材料には、Plansee(オーストリア)ITER規格タングステン、ALMT(日本)ITER規格タングステン、粉末射出成形(PIM)により作製され1%TiCおよび2%Y2O3分散粒子により強化されたKIT(ドイツ)の2種類の製品、ならびにISSP(中国)の0.5%ZrCにより強化された圧延タングステンが含まれる。材料は600°C、1000°C、1200°Cの3温度で約1 dpaの線量まで対面照射された。ビッカース硬さ試験は200 gf(HV0.2)の荷重下で室温にて実施された。ビッカース硬さは、ZrC強化タングステンを除くすべての材料において、照射温度が600°Cから1000°Cへ上昇するにつれて増加する。ZrC強化タングステンでは、硬さの増加は照射温度に依存しない。照射誘起硬さは1200°Cでの照射後に減少する。これは、熱活性化拡散により促進される欠陥アニーリングの結果である。しかしながら、1200°Cにおいても、中性子照射が硬さ増加に及ぼす影響は依然として顕著であり、非照射値と比較して硬さは約30〜60%増加する。TiC強化材料の場合、照射硬化は照射温度とともに徐々に増加するが、これは中性子照射欠陥の蓄積のみでは説明できない。

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