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Electron acceleration by whistler-mode waves around the magnetic null during 3D reconnection

Fuliang Xiao, Qiugang Zong, Zuyin Pu, Zhenpeng Su, Jinbin Cao, Jiansen He, Yongfu Wang, Huinan Zheng2010年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

The magnetic field configuration around a magnetic null pair and its associated electron behavior during 3D magnetic reconnection have recently been reported from in situ observations. Electrons are suggested to be temporarily trapped in the central reconnection region as indicated by an electron density peak observed near the magnetic null (He J-S et al 2008 Geophys. Res. Lett.35 L14104). It is highly interesting that energetic electron beams of a few kiloelectronvolts are found to be related to the magnetic null structure. However, the acceleration mechanism is still not fully understood. In this paper, we show that strong whistler-mode electromagnetic waves are indeed found around the magnetic null. Further we propose a new electron acceleration scenario of trapped electrons near the magnetic null points driven by the whistler-mode waves, which is confirmed by numerical results. It is demonstrated that whistler waves can enhance the phase space density (PSD) of electrons for energies of ∼2 keV by a factor of 100 at lower pitch angles very rapidly, typically within 2 s. The accelerated electrons may escape from the loss cone of the magnetic cusp mirrors around the magnetic null, leading to the observed energetic beams.

日本語訳

磁気ヌル対の周囲の磁場構造と、3次元磁気リコネクション中のそれに伴う電子の挙動が、最近のその場観測によって報告されている。電子は、磁気ヌル近傍で観測された電子密度のピークが示すように、リコネクション中心領域に一時的に捕捉されていることが示唆される(He J-S et al 2008 Geophys. Res. Lett. 35 L14104)。数keVの高エネルギー電子ビームが磁気ヌル構造と関連していることが見出されたことは極めて興味深い。しかしながら、その加速機構は未だ完全には理解されていない。本論文では、強いホイッスラーモード電磁波が実際に磁気ヌル周辺に存在することを示す。さらに、ホイッスラーモード波によって駆動される、磁気ヌル近傍の捕捉電子の新たな加速シナリオを提案し、これは数値結果によって確認される。ホイッスラー波が、約2keVのエネルギーの電子の位相空間密度(PSD)を、低ピッチ角において、典型的には2秒以内という極めて短時間で100倍に増強し得ることが実証される。加速された電子は、磁気ヌル周辺の磁気カスプミラーの損失円錐から脱出し、観測された高エネルギー電子ビームをもたらす可能性がある。

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Magnetic reconnectionElectron acceleration
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