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Density fluctuation measurements in ATF using correlation reflectometry

G.R. Hanson, J.H. Harris, J.B. Wilgen, C.E. Thomas, S.C. Aceto, L.R. Baylor, J.D. Bell, B. Branas, J.L. Dunlap, A.C. England1992年被引用 40Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

A two-frequency correlation reflectometer has been operated on the Advanced Toroidal Facility (ATF) to measure plasma electron density fluctuations. This reflectometer uses quadrature phase detection to permit true phase measurement of the reflected microwave signal (probing beam). By measuring the phase fluctuations in the reflected probing beam, the amplitude of the density fluctuations can be estimated. Simultaneous two-frequency operation makes it possible to measure the coherence between fluctuations at two radially separated cut-off layers, from which the radial correlation lengths and wavenumbers can be estimated. This reflectometer has been used to study the density fluctuations in the edge gradient region of low density ATF plasmas produced by electron cyclotron heating. These studies have revealed globally coherent turbulence with a radial correlation length of up to approximately 5 cm, a radial wavenumber kr ≈ 0 cm-1 and a poloidal wavenumber kθ ≈ 1 cm-1. The rms amplitude of the fluctuations reaches a maximum of ≈ 5% at the plasma edge (ρ = 1, where ρ is the flux surface normalized radius) and decreases with decreasing radius to a level of ≲1%. Simultaneous measurements of the fluctuations with the reflectometer, the heavy ion beam probe and the fast reciprocating Langmuir probe provide consistent results. A comparison of the measurements with simplistic mixing length estimates, ne/ne = 1/kθLn or ne/ne = 1/krLn, shows that these estimates are too high by factors of two to more than 100, while a comparison with a more detailed estimate for the pressure gradient driven resistive interchange turbulence yields reasonable agreement with the experimentally measured fluctuation characteristics

日本語訳

先進トロイダル装置(ATF)において、プラズマ電子密度揺動を測定するために二周波相関反射計が運用されている。この反射計は、直交位相検出を用いて反射マイクロ波信号(プロービングビーム)の真の位相測定を可能にする。反射プロービングビームの位相揺動を測定することにより、密度揺動の振幅を推定することができる。同時二周波動作により、半径方向に分離された二つの遮断層における揺動間のコヒーレンスを測定することが可能となり、そこから半径方向相関長と波数を推定できる。この反射計は、電子サイクロトロン加熱によって生成された低密度ATFプラズマの端部勾配領域における密度揺動の研究に使用されてきた。これらの研究により、半径方向相関長が約5cmまで、半径方向波数kr ≈ 0 cm⁻¹、ポロイダル方向波数kθ ≈ 1 cm⁻¹を有する、大域的にコヒーレントな乱流が明らかになった。揺動のrms振幅は、プラズマ端部(ρ = 1、ここでρはフラックス面規格化半径)で最大約5%に達し、半径が小さくなるにつれて≲1%のレベルまで減少する。反射計、重イオンビームプローブ、高速往復ランングミュアプローブによる揺動の同時測定は、整合する結果を与える。単純な混合長推定値、ne/ne = 1/kθLn または ne/ne = 1/krLn との測定値の比較は、これらの推定値が2倍から100倍以上高すぎることを示す一方、圧力勾配駆動抵抗性交換乱流に対するより詳細な推定値との比較は、実験的に測定された揺動特性と合理的な一致を示す。

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