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Manifestations of the geodesic acoustic mode driven by energetic ions in tokamaks

Ya I Kolesnichenko, V V Lutsenko, Yu V Yakovenko, B S Lepiavko, B Grierson, W W Heidbrink, R Nazikian2016年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

Effects of the energetic-ion-driven Geodesic Acoustic modes (GAM and E-GAM) on the toroidally passing energetic ions and the concomitant change of the neutron yield of beam-plasma fusion reactions in tokamaks are considered. It is shown that due to large perturbations of the plasma density, the resonant energetic ions driving the instability can be considerably slowed down for a few tens of the particle transit periods, which is much less than the collisional slowing down time. The time of the collisionless slowing down is actually determined by the period of the particle motion within the resonance island arising because of the GAM / E-GAM. Being trapped in the island, the resonant particles can not only lose their energy but also gain it. One more effect of GAMs is the flattening on the distribution function of the resonant particles. Due to conservation of the canonical angular momentum during a GAM / E-GAM instability, the change of the particle energy is accompanied by a radial displacement of the resonant particle for a distance up to the poloidal Larmor radius of energetic ions. The particles are displaced inwards or outwards, depending on the direction of their motion along the magnetic field. Expressions describing the change of the neutron yield due to GAM modes are derived. It is found that the distortion of the velocity distribution of the resonant particles can lead to a considerable drop of the neutron emission even when effects of the particle radial displacement are small. The developed theory is applied to an E-GAM experiment on the DIII-D tokamak. Relations for the period of the motion within the resonance island of passing (both well passing and marginally passing) particles and the width of the resonance of the energetic particles with GAM modes and low-frequency Alfvén modes are derived.

日本語訳

高エネルギーイオン駆動の測地線音響モード(GAMおよびE-GAM)が、トカマク内のトロイダル方向に通過する高エネルギーイオンに及ぼす影響と、それに伴うビーム・プラズマ核融合反応による中性子収量の変化について考察する。プラズマ密度の大きな摂動により、不安定性を駆動する共鳴高エネルギーイオンは、粒子の周回周期の数十倍の時間スケールで大幅に減速され得ることが示される。この時間スケールは、衝突による減速時間よりもはるかに短い。この無衝突減速の時間は、GAM/E-GAMによって生じる共鳴島内での粒子運動の周期によって決定される。共鳴島内に捕捉された粒子は、エネルギーを失うだけでなく獲得することもできる。GAMのもう一つの効果は、共鳴粒子の分布関数の平坦化である。GAM/E-GAM不安定性の間の正準角運動量の保存により、粒子エネルギーの変化には、高エネルギーイオンのポロイダル・ラーマー半径程度の距離にわたる径方向変位が伴う。粒子は、磁場に沿った運動の方向に応じて、内側または外側へ変位する。GAMモードによる中性子収量の変化を記述する式を導出する。粒子の径方向変位の影響が小さい場合でも、共鳴粒子の速度分布の歪みが中性子放出の顕著な減少をもたらすことが見出される。開発された理論をDIII-DトカマクにおけるE-GAM実験に適用する。通過粒子(十分に通過する粒子および限界的に通過する粒子)の共鳴島内での運動周期と、GAMモードおよび低周波アルヴェン・モードとの高エネルギー粒子の共鳴幅に関する関係式を導出する。

装置

diii-d中精度(概要文一致)

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Energetic ionAcoustic modeGeodesic acoustic mode
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