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Morphological and structural effects on tungsten targets produced by fusion plasma pulses from a table top plasma focus

M.J. Inestrosa-Izurieta, E. Ramos-Moore, L. Soto2015年被引用 34Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

A table top plasma focus device operating at hundreds of joules was used to simulate an equivalent damage factor than the obtained on the divertor in tokamak experiments. Using the ejected plasma produced after the pinch disruptions, the effects on tungsten targets from 50 cumulative plasma shocks with power fluxes per shot between 2.6 and 9200 kW cm−2 and with a duration time in the order of tens of nanoseconds (damage factor in the order of 100–103 (W cm−2)s1/2) were studied. Morphological analysis shows an increasing appearance of cracked surfaces with holes, fissures and defects, suggesting a potential progression of stress effects and a fast heat load that melts the surface, ending in thermal contractions that recrystallize the surface of the target. A structural analysis demonstrates a compressive stress development and suggests that part of the energy is released in the melting of the surface in case of a plasma shock with a power flux of 9.2 MW cm−2, 75 ns duration pulse, 2.5   ×   103 (W cm−2)s1/2 damage factor. How to increase the damage factor by one order of magnitude up to the expected value from type I ELMs on the ITER divertor, i.e. 104 (W cm−2)s1/2 is discussed.

日本語訳

卓上型プラズマフォーカス装置を数百ジュールのエネルギーで作動させ、トカマク実験におけるダイバータで得られるものと同等の損傷係数をシミュレートした。ピンチ崩壊後に放出されるプラズマを用いて、毎秒2.6〜9200 kW cm⁻²の電力フラックスと数十ナノ秒の持続時間(損傷係数は10⁰〜10³ (W cm⁻²) s¹ᐟ²)を持つ50回の累積プラズマ衝撃がタングステンターゲットに及ぼす影響を研究した。形態学的分析により、亀裂、孔、欠陥を伴う割れ表面の増加が観察され、応力効果の進行と、表面の溶融を引き起こし熱収縮で終わる高速熱負荷の可能性が示唆された。構造分析は、圧縮応力の発生を示し、9.2 MW cm⁻²の電力フラックス、75ナノ秒の持続パルス、2.5 × 10³ (W cm⁻²) s¹ᐟ²の損傷係数を持つプラズマ衝撃の場合、エネルギーの一部が表面の溶融に放出されることを示唆している。ITERダイバータにおけるI型ELMから予想される値、すなわち10⁴ (W cm⁻²) s¹ᐟ²まで損傷係数を一桁増加させる方法について議論する。

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