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On the minimum transport required to passively suppress runaway electrons in SPARC disruptions

R A Tinguely, I Pusztai, V A Izzo, K Särkimäki, T Fülöp, D T Garnier, R S Granetz, M Hoppe, C Paz-Soldan, A Sundström2023年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

In Izzo et al (2022 Nucl. Fusion62 096029), state-of-the-art modeling of thermal and current quench (CQ) magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) coupled with a self-consistent evolution of runaway electron (RE) generation and transport showed that a non-axisymmetric (n = 1) in-vessel coil could passively prevent RE beam formation during disruptions in SPARC, a compact high-field tokamak projected to achieve a fusion gain Q > 2 in DT plasmas. However, such suppression requires finite transport of REs within magnetic islands and re-healed flux surfaces; conservatively assuming zero transport in these regions leads to an upper bound of RE current compared to of pre-disruption plasma current. Further investigation finds that core-localized electrons, within and with kinetic energies –, contribute most to the RE plateau formation. Yet only a relatively small amount of transport, i.e. a diffusion coefficient , is needed in the core to fully mitigate these REs. Properly accounting for (a) the CQ electric field's effect on RE transport in islands and (b) the contribution of significant RE currents to disruption MHD may help achieve this.

日本語訳

Izzoら(2022 Nucl. Fusion62 096029)による、熱クエンチおよび電流クエンチ(CQ)の磁気流体力学(MHD)と、逃走電子(RE)生成・輸送の自己無撞着な発展を結合した最先端モデリングは、非軸対称(n = 1)の容器内コイルが、Q > 2のDTプラズマにおける核融合利得を達成するよう設計されたコンパクトな高磁場トカマクであるSPARCのディスラプション中に、REビームの形成を受動的に防止できることを示した。しかしながら、このような抑制には、磁気島および再結合した磁気面内でのREの有限な輸送が必要であり、これらの領域での輸送を保守的にゼロと仮定すると、RE電流の上限はプラズマ電流の前値の〜と見積もられる。さらなる調査により、コア内に閉じ込められた電子(運動エネルギーが〜の範囲)がREプラトー形成に最も寄与することが判明した。しかし、コアにおける比較的小さな輸送、すなわち拡散係数が〜程度であれば、これらのREを完全に緩和するのに十分である。この実現には、(a) 島内でのRE輸送に対するCQ電場の影響、および (b) ディスラプションMHDへの有意なRE電流の寄与を適切に考慮することが必要となる可能性がある。

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Plasma disruptionRunaway electronSPARC
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