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Transverse force induced by a magnetized wake

Trevor Lafleur, Scott D Baalrud2019年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

The force on a test charge moving through a strongly magnetized plasma is calculated using linear response theory. Strong magnetization is found to generate a component of the force perpendicular to the velocity of the particle in the plane formed by the velocity and magnetic field vectors. This transverse force is generated by an asymmetry with respect to the velocity vector in the induced electrostatic wake potential that is associated with the action of the Lorentz force on the background plasma. The direction depends on the speed of the test charge. If it is faster than a critical speed characteristic of the sound speed, it acts to reduce the component of velocity parallel to the magnetic field and to increase the gyroradius. In contrast, if the speed is below this critical speed, it acts to increase the velocity parallel to the magnetic field and to decrease the gyroradius. Because the transverse force is perpendicular to the velocity, it does not directly influence the total energy of the test charge. Nevertheless, it significantly alters the trajectory on a timescale associated with the Coulomb collision time.

日本語訳

強磁化プラズマ中を運動する試験電荷に働く力を、線形応答理論を用いて計算する。強磁化により、速度ベクトルと磁場ベクトルが張る平面内において、粒子の速度に垂直な力の成分が生じることが見出される。この横断力は、背景プラズマに対するローレンツ力の作用に伴って誘起される静電的な航跡ポテンシャルにおいて、速度ベクトルに関して非対称性が生じることによって発生する。その方向は試験電荷の速度に依存する。速度が音速に特徴づけられる臨界速度よりも大きい場合、この力は磁場に平行な速度成分を減少させ、ジャイロ半径を増大させるように作用する。対照的に、速度がこの臨界速度よりも小さい場合、この力は磁場に平行な速度を増加させ、ジャイロ半径を減少させるように作用する。横断力は速度に垂直であるため、試験電荷の全エネルギーには直接影響を与えない。それにもかかわらず、クーロン衝突時間に関連する時間スケールにおいて、軌道を有意に変化させる。

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