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Three-dimensional numerical simulation of the multi-helicity magnetohydrodynamic relaxation process in low-q spheromaks

Y. Ono, M. Katsurai1991年被引用 14Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

Three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic computer simulations have been made on the dynamic behaviour of the high temperature spheromak plasma whose conductivity profile is peaked at the magnetic axis. On the assumption of stationary spatial profiles of the plasma conductivity, these simulations examine the transient process from the current peaking to the subsequent relaxation. They reveal low-q relaxations caused by multi-helicity (current driven) kink modes. The low-q relaxations are classified into two types: the fast-type relaxation without n = 2 mode saturation and the slow-type relaxation with n = 2 mode saturation. In these simulations, resistive current loss in the outer region of the plasma causes a peaking of the current density profile, resulting in a departure from the initial Taylor state to a low-q state. As the q value at the magnetic axis, q0, decreases to <0.5, the internal kink mode with a toroidal mode number n = 2 is first destabilized. The feature of the subsequent relaxation process depends on the degree of peaking of the conductivity profile at the magnetic axis, including its change during the relaxation phase. When the peaking of the conductivity profile is strong enough to decrease q0 to much less than 0.5, the higher mode (the n = 3 mode) is destabilized, which is found to trigger the subsequent relaxation. During the relaxation phase, the non-linear coupling of these n = 2 and 3 (and sometimes 4) modes leads to flux conversion from poloidal to toroidal and the configuration with the excessive poloidal flux can relax back to a state close to the Taylor state with a balanced ratio of the poloidal flux to the toroidal flux. This is the scenario of the fast-type relaxation. On the other hand, when the conductivity profile is weakly peaked, the slow decrease in q0 causes a slow growth of the n = 3 mode, resulting in the saturation of the n = 2 mode. Even if the coupling of the n = 2 and 3 modes triggers a relaxation, the relaxation event is weak, unclear and incomplete. This is the scenario of the slow-type relaxation. It is also found that if the peaked conductivity proflle is maintained during the relaxation phase, relaxation back to the Taylor state is less complete.

日本語訳

三次元磁気流体力学シミュレーションを用いて、導電率分布が磁気軸でピークを持つ高温スフェロマックプラズマの動的挙動を調べた。プラズマの導電率の空間分布が定常であると仮定し、電流ピーキングからその後の緩和に至る過渡過程を解析した。その結果、多螺旋性(電流駆動)キンクモードによって引き起こされる低q緩和が明らかになった。低q緩和は、n=2モードの飽和を伴わない高速型緩和と、n=2モードの飽和を伴う低速型緩和の2種類に分類される。これらのシミュレーションでは、プラズマ外周部での抵抗性電流損失により電流密度分布のピーキングが生じ、その結果、初期のテイラー状態から低q状態へと遷移する。磁気軸上のq値(q0)が0.5未満に低下すると、トロイダルモード数n=2の内部キンクモードが最初に不安定化する。その後の緩和過程の特徴は、磁気軸における導電率分布のピーキングの程度と、緩和期間中のその時間変化に依存する。導電率分布のピーキングが強く、q0が0.5を大幅に下回るまで低下する場合、より高次のモード(n=3モード)が不安定化し、これがその後の緩和を引き起こすことが見出された。緩和期間中、これらのn=2およびn=3(場合によってはn=4)モードの非線形結合により、ポロイダル磁束からトロイダル磁束への変換が生じ、過剰なポロイダル磁束を有する配位は、ポロイダル磁束とトロイダル磁束のバランスが取れたテイラー状態に近い状態へと緩和し得る。これが高速型緩和のシナリオである。一方、導電率分布のピーキングが弱い場合、q0の低下が緩やかであり、n=3モードの成長も遅く、n=2モードの飽和が生じる。n=2およびn=3モードの結合が緩和を引き起こす場合でも、緩和現象は弱く、不明瞭であり、不完全である。これが低速型緩和のシナリオである。また、緩和期間中に導電率分布のピーキングが維持される場合、テイラー状態への緩和はより不完全であることも見出された。

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Magnetohydrodynamics
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