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Measurement of strong electromagnetic pulses generated from solid targets at sub-ns kJ-class PALS laser facility

P Rączka, J Cikhardt, M Pfeifer, J Krása, M Krupka, T Burian, M Krůs, T Pisarczyk, J Dostál, R Dudžák2021年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

Measurements had been performed of strong electromagnetic pulses (EMPs) generated as a result of laser–target interaction at the sub-ns kJ-class Prague Asterix Laser System facility. Two conductive Prodyn FD5C D-dot pencil probes were used. Measurements were performed inside the experimental chamber and outside the chamber in a large chamber window 40 cm in diameter in a setup that guaranteed 6 GHz bandwidth. A very good signal-to-noise ratio (17:1) was obtained after some steps were taken to ensure proper EMP shielding of the data collection setup. The EMP signal in the time domain was found to have the form of a sharp initial spike followed by gradually decaying oscillations interspersed with some secondary spikes. The values of the vertical component of the electric field strength were estimated. The highest value recorded in this experiment was kV m−1 at a distance of 40 cm from the target. It was observed that plastic targets—particularly the 100s of µm thick plastic foils—tend to generate stronger EMP fields than Cu and Au targets. A time-frequency analysis was performed for a typical shot, clearly showing some spectral features that appear only sometime after the start of the signal and hence indicate EMP generation from secondary sources. Electrons ejected from the target were recorded with the energies exceeding 1.5 MeV, which indicates that highly energetic processes are triggered as a result of the laser–target interaction.

日本語訳

測定は、サブナノ秒kJ級プラハ・アステリックスレーザー施設におけるレーザー・ターゲット相互作用の結果として生成される強力な電磁パルス(EMP)について実施された。2本の導電性Prodyn FD5 D-dotプローブが使用された。測定は実験チャンバー内およびチャンバー外の大口径窓(直径40 cm)において、6 GHzの帯域幅を保証する構成で実施された。データ収集システムの適切なEMPシールドを確保するためのいくつかの措置を講じた後、非常に良好な信号対雑音比(17:1)が得られた。時間領域におけるEMP信号は、鋭い初期スパイクに続いて、いくつかの二次スパイクが散在する漸減振動という形態をとることが判明した。電界強度の垂直成分の値が推定された。本実験で記録された最大値は、ターゲットから40 cmの距離においてkV m⁻¹であった。プラスチックターゲット—特に数百µm厚のプラスチックフォイル—は、CuおよびAuターゲットよりも強いEMP電界を生成する傾向があることが観察された。典型的なショットについて時間周波数解析が実施され、信号開始後しばらくしてから現れるいくつかのスペクトル特徴が明確に示され、これらは二次源からのEMP生成を示唆している。ターゲットから放出された電子は1.5 MeVを超えるエネルギーで記録され、レーザー・ターゲット相互作用の結果として高エネルギー過程が誘発されることを示している。

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