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Design and analysis of a PAM launcher at 4.6 GHz for a new LHCD system on EAST

M.H. Li, L. Liu, Y. Yang, L.M. Zhao, W.D. Ma, T.A. Zhou, M. Wang, W.Q. Ma, C.B. Wu, B.J. Ding2024年Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

To improve the Current Drive (CD) capability in long-pulse (up to ∼1000 s) H-mode operation, it has been decided to develop a new Lower Hybrid Current Drive system at 4.6 GHz with an active cooling Passive Active Multijunction (PAM) launcher on EAST. In this paper, both the radio frequency (RF) and the physical properties of this PAM are studied numerically. The same nominal parallel refractive index (N|| = k||c/ω, where k|| is the parallel wavenumber, c the velocity of light, and ω the wave angular frequency) of 2.04 as the existing 4.6 GHz Full Active Multijunction (FAM) is chosen. Ray-tracing calculations indicate that good accessibility could be achieved when the LH waves radiate with this nominal N|| in typical long-pulse H-mode plasmas. The coupling performance in terms of power reflection coefficient (RC), power spectrum, maximum electric field, power directivity (DP) and global CD capability is evaluated with the ALOHA code based on the linear coupling theory. Good coupling performance with averaged RC ⩽ 1% and DP ∼ 70% could be expected with the density (ne) in front of the PAM close to the cut-off value (ne_co). The simulated RC remains below 6.5% over a wide density range 0.5 ⩽ ne/ne_co ⩽ 10, which is similar to the plasma edge conditions produced by Edge Localized Mode activity. A detailed comparison with the existing 4.6 GHz FAM launcher is also performed.

日本語訳

長パルス(∼1000 sまで)Hモード運転における電流駆動(CD)能力を向上させるため、EASTに能動冷却型Passive Active Multijunction(PAM)ランチャーを備えた4.6 GHzの新しいLower Hybrid Current Driveシステムを開発することが決定された。本論文では、このPAMの高周波(RF)特性と物理的特性の両方を数値的に研究する。既存の4.6 GHz Full Active Multijunction(FAM)と同じ公称平行屈折率(N|| = k||c/ω、ここでk||は平行波数、cは光速、ωは波の角周波数)2.04が選ばれた。レイトレーシング計算により、典型的な長パルスHモードプラズマにおいて、この公称N||でLH波が放射される場合、良好なアクセシビリティが達成できることが示される。結合性能は、電力反射係数(RC)、パワースペクトル、最大電界、電力指向性(DP)、および全体的なCD能力の観点から、線形結合理論に基づくALOHAコードを用いて評価される。PAM前方の密度(ne)がカットオフ値(ne_co)に近い場合、平均RC ⩽ 1%およびDP ∼ 70%という良好な結合性能が期待できる。シミュレーションされたRCは、0.5 ⩽ ne/ne_co ⩽ 10の広い密度範囲にわたって6.5%未満に留まり、これはEdge Localized Mode(ELM)活動によって生成されるプラズマ周辺条件と類似している。既存の4.6 GHz FAMランチャーとの詳細な比較も行われる。

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EASTLower hybrid current drive
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