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High-frequency instabilities in beam-generated plasma

M. Seidl, P. Šunka1967年被引用 42Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

High-frequency instabilities arising in electron beam-plasma systems have been investigated in the frequency range 0.4 ωce ≤ ω ≤ 4ωce. Two types of electron beams (cold and helical) and two types of magnetic fields (uniform and mirror field) have been used. The plasma was created from hydrogen gas by the beam-induced r.f. fields. In the uniform magnetic field, the spectrum of the instabilities is in good agreement with a simple linear theory taking into account the finite transverse dimensions of the system. This is true even in the turbulent state of the plasma (ωpe/ωce > 1), in contradistinction to earlier experiments, if the fluctuations of plasma density are taken into account. The plasma has a tendency to exist at discrete values of density corresponding to the excitation of electron cyclotron frequency harmonics. The instabilities have a finite relaxation time (about 100 oscillation periods) and a finite relaxation length (about 5 wavelengths) due to non-linear effects. In the case of a mirror field, the instabilities are excited in regions where the field is least inhomogeneous (top of the mirrors and bottom of the containment zone). The heating of electrons occurs at the slope of the mirror. The significance of these results for the heating of electrons in a mirror machine is discussed.

日本語訳

電子ビーム-プラズマ系に生じる高周波不安定性を、周波数範囲 0.4 ωce ≤ ω ≤ 4ωce で調べた。2種類の電子ビーム(冷ビームおよび螺旋ビーム)と2種類の磁場(一様磁場およびミラー磁場)を用いた。プラズマは、水素ガスからビーム誘起高周波電界によって生成された。一様磁場中では、不安定性のスペクトルは、系の有限な横方向寸法を考慮した単純な線形理論とよく一致する。これは、プラズマ密度のゆらぎを考慮すれば、先行実験とは対照的に、プラズマの乱流状態(ωpe/ωce > 1)においても成り立つ。プラズマは、電子サイクロトロン周波数高調波の励起に対応する離散的な密度値に存在する傾向がある。不安定性は、非線形効果により、有限な緩和時間(約100振動周期)と有限な緩和長(約5波長)を持つ。ミラー磁場の場合、不安定性は、磁場が最も不均一でない領域(ミラーの頂部および閉じ込め領域の底部)で励起される。電子の加熱はミラーの傾斜部で起こる。ミラー装置における電子加熱に対するこれらの結果の意義について議論する。

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