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Formation of spherical tokamak equilibria by ECH in the LATE device

T. Maekawa, Y. Terumichi, H. Tanaka, M. Uchida, T. Yoshinaga, S. Yamaguchi, H. Igami, M. Konno, K. Katsuura, K. Hayashi2005年被引用 56Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

The main objective of the Low Aspect Ratio Torus Experiment (LATE) device is to demonstrate the formation of spherical torus (ST) plasmas by electron cyclotron heating (ECH) alone without a centre solenoid and establish its physical bases. By injecting a 2.45 GHz microwave pulse for 4 s, a plasma current of 1.2 kA is spontaneously initiated by P = 5 kW under a weak steady vertical field of Bv = 12 G and then ramped up slowly with a slow ramp-up of Bv for the equilibrium of the plasma loop and finally reaches 6.3 kA by P = 30 kW at Bv = 70 G. This current amounts to 10% of the total coil currents of 60 kA flowing through the centre post for the toroidal field. Magnetic measurements show that an ST equilibrium, having the last closed flux surface with an aspect ratio of R0/a ≃ 20.4 cm/14.5 cm ≃ 1.4, an elongation of κ ≃ 1.5 and qedge ≃ 37, has been produced and maintained for 0.5 s at the final stage of discharge. Spontaneous formation of ST equilibria under steady Bv fields, where plasma current increases rapidly in the time scale of a few milliseconds, is also effective and a plasma current of 6.8 kA is spontaneously generated and maintained at Bv = 85 G by a 5 GHz microwave pulse (130 kW, 60 ms). In both cases, the plasma centre locates near the second or third harmonic EC resonance layer and the line averaged electron density significantly exceeds the plasma cutoff density, suggesting that the harmonic EC heating by the mode-converted electron Bernstein waves supports the plasma.

日本語訳

低アスペクト比トーラス実験(LATE)装置の主な目的は、中心ソレノイドを用いずに電子サイクロトロン加熱(ECH)のみによる球状トーラス(ST)プラズマの形成を実証し、その物理的基盤を確立することである。2.45 GHzのマイクロ波パルスを4秒間入射することにより、弱い定常垂直磁場Bv = 12 GのもとでP = 5 kWによって1.2 kAのプラズマ電流が自発的に開始され、その後、プラズマループの平衡のためのBvの緩やかな上昇に伴ってゆっくりと増加し、最終的にBv = 70 GでP = 30 kWにより6.3 kAに達する。この電流は、トロイダル磁場のために中心ポストを流れる全コイル電流60 kAの10%に相当する。磁気測定により、最終段階で0.5秒間にわたり、アスペクト比R0/a ≃ 20.4 cm/14.5 cm ≃ 1.4、伸長度κ ≃ 1.5、qedge ≃ 37を有する最終閉磁気面を持つST平衡が生成・維持されたことが示される。定常Bv磁場下でのSTの自発的形成も有効であり、数ミリ秒の時間スケールでプラズマ電流が急速に増加し、5 GHzマイクロ波パルス(130 kW、60 ms)によりBv = 85 Gで6.8 kAのプラズマ電流が自発的に生成・維持される。いずれの場合も、プラズマ中心は第2または第3高調波EC共鳴層の近傍に位置し、線平均電子密度はプラズマ遮断密度を有意に超えており、モード変換された電子バーンスタイン波による高調波EC加熱がプラズマを維持していることが示唆される。

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Electron cyclotron heatingSpherical tokamakTokamak equilibria
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