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Low-frequency whistler waves in quiescent runaway electron plasmas

W W Heidbrink, C Paz-Soldan, D A Spong, X D Du, K E Thome, M E Austin, A Lvovskiy, R A Moyer, R I Pinsker, M A Van Zeeland2019年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

In quiescent runaway electron plasmas in the DIII-D tokamak, whistler waves with frequencies between 90 and 200 MHz are driven unstable in plasmas with appreciable hard x-ray and non-thermal electron cyclotron emission (ECE). Narrow (δf < 50 kHz) discrete modes with erratically spaced frequencies are observed. Unstable modes often extend over a range Δf ≃ 50 MHz but lower frequency unstable modes are usually most intense. The dependency of the frequency on field and density implies a wavenumber k ≃ 150 m−1 with parallel wavenumber k∥ ≪ k. Reducing the gap between the plasma and the wall increases the number of detected modes. Lowering the magnetic field promotes instability. Nonlinear limit-cycle-like oscillations in the whistler amplitude occur on a 10 ms timescale. The ECE signals often jump at whistler bursts, suggesting that the modes pitch-angle scatter the runaways. Sawteeth cause transient stabilization of the whistlers.

日本語訳

DIII-Dトカマクにおける静止 runaway電子プラズマ中では、90〜200 MHzの周波数を持つホイッスラー波が、顕著な硬X線および非熱的電子サイクロトロン放射(ECE)を伴うプラズマ中で不安定化される。狭帯域(δf < 50 kHz)の離散モードが、不規則な周波数間隔で観測される。不安定モードはしばしばΔf ≃ 50 MHzの範囲に及ぶが、低周波数の不安定モードが通常最も強力である。周波数の磁場および密度への依存性は、波数k ≃ 150 m⁻¹、平行波数k∥ ≪ kを示唆する。プラズマと壁の間のギャップを縮小すると、検出されるモード数が増加する。磁場を低下させると不安定性が促進される。ホイッスラー振幅における非線形のリミットサイクル状振動が、10 msの時間スケールで発生する。ECE信号はホイッスラーバースト時にしばしば跳躍を示し、これらのモードがrunaway電子をピッチ角散乱していることを示唆する。セーフティー因子(サドル)はホイッスラーの一時的な安定化を引き起こす。

装置

diii-d中精度(概要文一致)

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Runaway electronElectron plasmaWhistler waves
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