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Millimeter-wave beam scattering by edge-plasma density fluctuations in TCV

O Chellaï, S Alberti, M Baquero-Ruiz, I Furno, T Goodman, B Labit, O Maj, P Ricci, F Riva, L Guidi2019年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

In magnetically confined fusion devices, the use of millimeter waves (mmw) at the electron cyclotron (EC) frequencies ranges from plasma diagnostics to plasma heating, current drive and core confinement preservation. For large tokamaks such as ITER, numerical simulations and analytical estimates suggest that plasma edge turbulence could significantly broaden the EC-beam, possibly preventing tearing modes stabilization at the designed power levels. We report measurements of mmw-beam scattering by plasma turbulence in the TCV tokamak. A mmw-Gaussian beam is injected from the top of the device and the transmitted power is measured at the bottom. We show that the measured plasma density fluctuations in the upper part of the scrape-off layer (SOL) are the cause of fluctuations of the transmitted mmw-power. A full-wave model based on COMSOL multiphysics is presented and compared against the wave-kinetic-equation solver WKBeam in a TCV case. Using the SOL turbulence simulations from the GBS code, comparison between the scattering effect on the mmw-beam with both the full-wave simulations and the experiments are ongoing. We also present experimental observations of rapid changes in the transmitted power caused by ELMs in ELMy H-mode plasma.

日本語訳

磁気閉じ込め核融合装置において、電子サイクロトロン(EC)周波数帯のミリ波(mmw)の利用は、プラズマ診断からプラズマ加熱、電流駆動、コア閉じ込めの維持にまで及ぶ。ITERのような大型トカマクでは、数値シミュレーションおよび解析的推定により、プラズマ乱流がミリ波ビームを著しく広げ、設計された出力レベルでのティアリングモード安定化を妨げる可能性があることが示唆されている。我々は、TCVトカマクにおけるプラズマ乱流によるミリ波ビーム散乱の測定結果を報告する。ミリ波ガウスビームを装置上部から入射し、透過電力を下部で測定した。その結果、スクレイプオフ層(SOL)上部におけるプラズマ密度揺らぎが、透過ミリ波出力の揺らぎの原因であることを示した。COMSOL Multiphysicsに基づく全波モデルを構築し、TCVのケースにおいて波動運動論方程式ソルバーWKBeamとの比較を行った。GBSコードによるSOL乱流シミュレーションを用いて、ミリ波ビームへの散乱効果について全波シミュレーションと実験の比較を現在進行中である。また、ELMy Hモードプラズマにおいて、ELMによって引き起こされる透過出力の急激な変化に関する実験的観測結果も提示する。

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