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Are tungsten-based nuclear fusion components truly invisible to x-ray inspection?

Triestino Minniti, Heather Lewtas2022年被引用 1Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

The ability to detect undesired volumetric defects in reactor components could affect the safety and reliability of a fusion power plant and change the expected lifetime and performance of the reactor. This is even more true for critical reactor parts like plasma-facing components (PFCs) which have to withstand challenging in-vessel conditions due to a combination of plasma bombardment, radiation, and nuclear heating. The structural integrity of these components prior to their installation in a nuclear fusion reactor needs to be assessed non-destructively. Until now, industrial x-ray radiography and tomography have not been used to non-destructively inspect fusion components due to their lack of penetration power into dense material such as tungsten which is often used to manufacture PFCs. However, aiming to revert this consolidated belief, we have demonstrated for the first time the feasibility of assessing volumetric defects non-destructively on DEMO divertor mock-up by means of MeV energy range x-ray tomography. The authors believe that the application of this technology could be easily extended for inspecting large fusion components and positively impact procedures to be followed in the qualification of fusion components for current and future nuclear reactors.

日本語訳

核融合プラントの安全性と性能は、炉内機器における望ましくない体積欠陥の検出能力に依存する可能性がある。このことは、プラズマ対向機器(PFC)のような重要な炉内機器にとって特に重要であり、これらはプラズマ衝撃、放射線、核加熱の複合的な影響に耐えなければならない。したがって、核融合炉への設置前に、これらの部品の構造的完全性を非破壊的に評価する必要がある。しかしながら、PFCの製造に一般的に使用されるタングステンなどの高密度材料は、従来のX線源では透過が困難である。本研究では、この限界を克服するため、MeVエネルギー範囲のX線トモグラフィーを利用した非破壊検査手法を提案する。我々は、この手法をDEMOダイバータモックアップに適用し、体積欠陥の検出と特性評価におけるその有効性を実証した。さらに、この手法は大型の核融合炉内機器の検査にも拡張可能であり、現在および将来の核融合炉における品質保証と認証プロセスに貢献する可能性がある。

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