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Collisionality scaling of the electron heat flux in ETG turbulence

G J Colyer, A A Schekochihin, F I Parra, C M Roach, M A Barnes, Y-c Ghim, W Dorland2017年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

In electrostatic simulations of MAST plasma at electron-gyroradius scales, using the local flux-tube gyrokinetic code GS2 with adiabatic ions, we find that the long-time saturated electron heat flux (the level most relevant to energy transport) decreases as the electron collisionality decreases. At early simulation times, the heat flux 'quasi-saturates' without any strong dependence on collisionality, and with the turbulence dominated by streamer-like radially elongated structures. However, the zonal fluctuation component continues to grow slowly until much later times, eventually leading to a new saturated state dominated by zonal modes and with the heat flux proportional to the collision rate, in approximate agreement with the experimentally observed collisionality scaling of the energy confinement in MAST. We outline an explanation of this effect based on a model of ETG turbulence dominated by zonal–nonzonal interactions and on an analytically derived scaling of the zonal-mode damping rate with the electron–ion collisionality. Improved energy confinement with decreasing collisionality is favourable towards the performance of future, hotter devices.

日本語訳

MASTプラズマの電子ジャイロ半径スケールにおける静電シミュレーションにおいて、局所フラックスチューブ・ジャイロ運動論コードGS2と断熱イオンを用いた結果、長時間飽和した電子熱流束(輸送の最も重要なレベル)は、電子衝突頻度の低下とともに減少することが分かった。シミュレーション初期において、熱流束は衝突頻度に強く依存せずに「準飽和」し、乱流はストリーマー状の径方向に伸びた構造に支配される。しかし、帯状流成分はその後もゆっくりと成長を続け、より遅い時刻において最終的に新たな飽和状態へと導く。この飽和状態では帯状流モードが支配的となり、熱流束は衝突頻度に比例し、MASTにおけるエネルギー閉じ込めの衝突頻度スケーリングとして実験的に観測された結果と近似的に一致する。我々はこの効果を、帯状流と非帯状流の相互作用に支配されるETG乱流モデルと、帯状流モードの減衰率が電子・イオン衝突頻度に依存する解析的スケーリングに基づいて説明する。衝突頻度の低下に伴うエネルギー閉じ込めの改善は、将来のより高温の装置にとって有利である。

装置

mast低精度(概要文一致)

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CollisionalityElectron temperature gradient
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