Study of flux limiter using Fokker–Planck and fluid simulations of planar laser-driven ablation

The dependence of flux limiters (f) on laser intensity is investigated by Fokker–Planck (FP) and fluid simulations including laser heating, electron transport and ion hydrodynamics. The planar laser-driven ablation processes are simulated by the FP and fluid code, respectively, where f is obtained according to the match of ablation surfaces between them. It is found that a constant flux limiter in time is applicable in the simulations when laser intensity (I) is below ∼1015 W cm−2. When I > 1015 W cm−2, a time-dependent flux limiter is required. The match of corona temperatures computed by the fluid and FP code is also investigated as I increases. It is found that corona temperatures cannot agree well with each other at laser intensities above ∼5 × 1014 W cm−2 due to the occurrence of a temperature jump near the critical surface in fluid simulation.