Anti-Stokes scattering and Stokes scattering in stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) cascades have been researched using the Vlasov–Maxwell simulation. In high-intensity laser–plasma interactions, stimulated anti-Stokes Brillouin scattering (SABS) will occur after second stage SBS rescattering. The mechanism of SABS has been put forward to explain this phenomenon. In the early phase of SBS evolution, only first stage SBS appears and total SBS reflectivity comes from first stage SBS. However, when high-stage SBS and SABS occur, SBS reflectivity will display burst behavior and the total reflectivity comes from the SBS cascade and SABS superimposition. The SABS will compete with the SBS rescattering to determine the total SBS reflectivity. Thus, SBS rescattering including SABS is an important saturation mechanism of SBS and should be taken into account in high-intensity laser–plasma interaction.