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Gyrokinetic modelling of light to heavy impurity transport in tokamaks

K. Lim, X. Garbet, Y. Sarazin, V. Grandgirard, K. Obrejan, M. Lesur, E. Gravier2021年被引用 8Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

Impurity transport is numerically investigated for different types of impurity, such as helium (He), argon (Ar), and tungsten (W). Both turbulent and neoclassical transports are treated self-consistently using the full-f gyrokinetic software GYSELA. For a light impurity (He), the transport is mainly controlled by turbulence, while neoclassical transport is found to be dominant in the case of a heavy impurity (W). The impact of a poloidal asymmetry of the impurity density is also studied in detail and it is found to be strong in case of a high charge impurity, due to its Boltzmann-type response. Such strong asymmetry might lead to a core accumulation of heavy impurities by reducing the thermal screening factor of neoclassical transport. The two main contributions to neoclassical transport—Pfirsch–Schlüter (PS) flux and banana–plateau (BP) flux—are also studied. Depending on their mass (A) and charge (Z), the magnitudes of each flux are determined accordingly. Tungsten shows a strong PS flux compared to the other impurities, while BP flux is dominant in the case of argon. An analytical model including the effect of poloidal asymmetry is compared with the numerical simulation and a good agreement is found between them.

日本語訳

不純物輸送は、ヘリウム(He)、アルゴン(Ar)、タングステン(W)などの異なる種類の不純物について数値的に調査される。乱流輸送と新古典輸送の両方が、full-fジャイロ運動論ソフトウェアGYSELAを用いて自己無撞着に扱われる。軽い不純物(He)の場合、輸送は主に乱流によって支配される一方、重い不純物(W)の場合には新古典輸送が支配的であることが見出される。不純物密度のポロイダル非対称性の影響も詳細に研究され、高電荷不純物の場合には、そのボルツマン型応答により強い影響が及ぶことが見出される。このような強い非対称性は、新古典輸送の熱遮蔽因子を低減させることにより、重い不純物のコアへの蓄積をもたらす可能性がある。新古典輸送への2つの主要な寄与—プフィルシュ・シュリュータ—(PS)フラックスとバナナ・プラトー(BP)フラックス—も研究される。それらの質量(A)と電荷(Z)に依存して、各フラックスの大きさが決定される。タングステンは他の不純物と比較して強いPSフラックスを示す一方、アルゴンの場合にはBPフラックスが支配的である。ポロイダル非対称性の影響を含む解析モデルが数値シミュレーションと比較され、両者の間で良好な一致が見出される。

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