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Influence of irradiation-induced point defects on the dissolution and diffusion properties of hydrogen in α-Al2O3: a first-principles study

Xin-Dong Pan, Yu-Ping Xu, Tao Lu, Hai-Shan Zhou, Xiao-Chun Li, Fei Gao, Guang-Nan Luo2021年被引用 5Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

Alpha-alumina (α-Al2O3) is considered to be an ideal candidate material for the tritium permeation barrier (TPB) with excellent tritium resistance properties. However, in a fusion reactor, the irradiation-induced defects could sum up on fabrication-induced defects so to reduce drastically the barrier performance. The underlying mechanism is still not settled. In this paper, the first-principles density functional theory (DFT) approach is used to explore the influence of irradiation-induced point defects on the dissolution and diffusion properties of hydrogen (H) in α-Al2O3. and defects have much lower formation energies at EG/2 in both Al-rich and O-rich growth environments that H atoms are easily captured by vacancy-type irradiation-induced point defects. As a result, higher H retention can be expected, which is consistent with the experimental results. Moreover, by calculating several different diffusion pathways of H-defect complexes and the corresponding diffusion coefficient, it can be inferred that H atoms and vacancy-type point defects can hardly diffuse as a bound entity. Therefore, isolated vacancy-type irradiation-induced point defects can trap multiple H atoms to form H-defect complexes and impede the diffusion process of H, which can enhance the efficiency of protection against H permeation through α-Al2O3 TPB. However, the minimum diffusion barrier for OiH− migration to the first nearest neighbor O interstitial site is 0.44 eV, which is so low that OiH− can migrate quickly at room temperature. This fast diffusion pathway for H could be the underlying mechanism for the low efficiency in preventing H permeation through irradiated α-Al2O3. Our results provide a sound theoretical explanation for recent experimental results of H permeation in α-Al2O3 under irradiation environment.

日本語訳

α-アルミナ(α-Al2O3)は、優れたトリチウム耐性特性を有するトリチウム透過障壁(TPB)の理想的な候補材料であると考えられている。しかしながら、核融合炉においては、照射誘起欠陥が製造時誘起欠陥に重畳され、障壁性能を大幅に低下させる可能性がある。その根本的なメカニズムは未だ解明されていない。本論文では、第一原理密度汎関数理論(DFT)手法を用いて、照射誘起点欠陥がα-Al2O3中の水素(H)の溶解および拡散特性に及ぼす影響を調査する。 および 欠陥は、AlリッチおよびOリッチの両方の成長環境においてEG/2で非常に低い形成エネルギーを有するため、H原子は空孔型照射誘起点欠陥に容易に捕捉される。その結果、より高いH保持が期待でき、これは実験結果と一致する。さらに、H-欠陥複合体のいくつかの異なる拡散経路と対応する拡散係数を計算することにより、H原子と空孔型点欠陥は結合した状態ではほとんど拡散しないと推測できる。したがって、孤立した空孔型照射誘起点欠陥は複数のH原子を捕捉してH-欠陥複合体を形成し、Hの拡散過程を妨げることで、α-Al2O3 TPBを通したH透過に対する保護効率を高めることができる。しかしながら、OiH−の最隣接O格子間位置への移動に対する最小拡散障壁は0.44 eVであり、これは非常に低いため、OiH−は室温で急速に移動し得る。このHの高速拡散経路が、照射されたα-Al2O3におけるH透過防止効率の低さの根本的なメカニズムである可能性がある。我々の結果は、照射環境下でのα-Al2O3中のH透過に関する最近の実験結果に対して、妥当な理論的説明を提供するものである。

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