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X-ray Thomson scattering measurement of temperature in warm dense carbon

K Falk, C L Fryer, E J Gamboa, C W Greeff, H M Johns, D W Schmidt, M Šmíd, J F Benage, D S Montgomery2017年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

A novel platform to measure the equation of state using a combination of diagnostics, where the spectrally resolved x-ray Thomson scattering (XRTS) is used to obtain accurate temperature measurements of warm dense matter (WDM) was developed for the OMEGA laser facility. OMEGA laser beams have been used to drive strong shocks in carbon targets creating WDM and generating the Ni He-alpha x-ray probe used for XRTS. Additional diagnostics including x-ray radiography, velocity interferometry and streaked optical pyrometry provided complementary measurements of density and pressure. The WDM regime of near solid density and moderate temperatures (1–100 eV) is a challenging yet important area of research in inertial confinement fusion and astrophysics. This platform has been used to study off-Hugoniot states of shock-released diamond and graphite at pressures between 1 and 10 Mbar and temperatures between 5 and 15 eV as well as first x-ray Thomson scattering data from shocked low density CH foams reaching five times compression and temperatures of 20–30 eV.

日本語訳

OMEGAレーザー施設向けに開発された、診断手法の組み合わせを用いて状態方程式を測定する新規プラットフォームでは、分光分解X線トムソン散乱(XRTS)を用いて温かい高密度物質(WDM)の正確な温度測定が行われた。OMEGAレーザービームは炭素ターゲット中に強い衝撃波を駆動してWDMを生成し、XRTSに用いるNi He-α X線プローブを発生させた。X線ラジオグラフィー、速度干渉計測、ストリーク光学放射測定を含む追加の診断手法により、密度と圧力の相補的な測定が提供された。WDMの領域である、ほぼ固体密度かつ中程度の温度(1~100 eV)は、慣性核融合と天体物理学における困難ではあるが重要な研究分野である。このプラットフォームは、1~10 Mbarの圧力と5~15 eVの温度における衝撃波解放後のダイヤモンドとグラファイトの非ユゴニオ状態の研究に使用され、さらに5倍圧縮と20~30 eVの温度に達する衝撃を受けた低密度CHフォームからの初のX線トムソン散乱データの取得にも用いられた。

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