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Validation of induced radioactivity calculations for candidate fusion materials through measurements in a graphite-centered assembly

Anil Kumar, Yujiro Ikeda, Mahmoud Z. Youssef, Mohamed A. Abdou, Yoshimi Kasugai1998年Fusion Engineering and DesignIF 1.7出版社

AbstractInduced radioactivity measurements were carried out jointly by the USA and Japan in a graphite-centered assembly, in the framework of ITER Task T-218 entitled ‘Shielding Blanket Neutronics Experiments’. An intense, accelerator-based D-T rotating target neutron source at JAERI, with a nominal intensity of 5 × 1012 s–1, was used. Two locations, providing different neutron energy spectra, were chosen for irradiating samples of a range of materials of interest to ITER. Three independent experimental campaigns were conducted so as to accommodate a large number of samples, on one hand, and as many short and long half-life products as possible, on the other. The total neutron fluence ranged from 4.7 × 1011 to 1.5 × 1014 ncm–2. Altogether, samples of Mg, Al, SiO2, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, FH82 steel, SS316LN steel (ITER grade), Cu, Zn, KCl, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ag, In, Sn, Dy, Ta, Hf, Re, Au, Ir, and Pb were irradiated. The irradiated samples were cooled for variable periods ranging from 30 s to 250 days before their decay gamma-ray spectra were counted on high purity intrinsic germanium detectors. The half lives of the observed radioisotopes have ranged from 18.7 s (46mSc from Ti) to 5.3 years (60Co from Ni). The neutron energy spectra for the two locations were calculated using Monte Carlo code MCNP with FENDL-1 and ENDF/B-VI data libraries. The analysis of isotopic activities, expressed in Bq cc–1, of the irradiated materials has been carried out using REAC-3 radioactivity code, with FENDL-2A and FENDL-1A activation cross-section and decay data libraries. Typically, C/E lies in a band of 0.5–1.5 for the results being reported.

日本語訳

米国と日本は、ITERタスクT-218「遮蔽ブランケット中性子工学実験」の枠組みにおいて、黒鉛中心集合体を用いた誘導放射能測定を共同で実施した。JAERIの高強度加速器ベースD-T回転ターゲット中性子源(公称強度5×10¹² s⁻¹)が使用された。ITERに関連する多種多様な材料の試料を照射するため、異なる中性子エネルギースペクトルを提供する2つの照射位置が選定された。多数の試料を収容しつつ、可能な限り多くの短寿命および長寿命生成核種を網羅するため、3回の独立した実験キャンペーンが実施された。総中性子フルエンスは4.7×10¹¹〜1.5×10¹⁴ n cm⁻²の範囲であった。全体として、Mg、Al、SiO₂、Ti、V、Cr、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、FH82鋼、SS316LN鋼(ITERグレード)、Cu、Zn、KCl、Zr、Nb、Mo、Ag、In、Sn、Dy、Ta、Hf、Re、Au、Ir、Pbの試料が照射された。照射済み試料は、30秒から250日までの様々な期間冷却された後、高純度ゲルマニウム検出器を用いて崩壊ガンマ線スペクトルが測定された。観測された放射性同位体の半減期は、18.7秒(Ti由来の⁴⁶mSc)から5.3年(Ni由来の⁶⁰Co)までの範囲であった。2つの照射位置における中性子エネルギースペクトルは、モンテカルロコードMCNPとFENDL-1およびENDF/B-VIデータライブラリを用いて計算された。照射材料の同位体放射能(単位Bq cc⁻¹)の解析は、REAC-3放射能計算コードとFENDL-2AおよびFENDL-1Aの断面積・崩壊データライブラリを用いて実施された。報告される結果について、C/E比は典型的に0.5〜1.5の範囲内にある。

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