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Progress in potential formation and findings in the associated radially sheared electric-field effects on suppressing intermittent turbulent vortex-like fluctuations and reducing transverse losses

T. Cho, J. Kohagura, M. Hirata, T. Numakura, H. Higaki, H. Hojo, M. Ichimura, K. Ishii, K.Md. Islam, A. Itakura2005年被引用 25Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

Following the 19th IAEA Fusion Energy Conference (Lyon, 2002), (1) three-time progress in the formation of ion-confining potential heights ϕc including a record of 2.1 kV in comparison to those attained 1992–2002 is achieved for tandem-mirror plasmas in the hot-ion mode with ion temperatures of several kiloelectronvolts. (2) The advance in the potential formation gives the bases for finding the remarkable effects of radially produced shear of electric fields Er, or non-uniform sheared plasma rotation on the suppression of intermittent vortex-like turbulent fluctuations. (i) Such a shear effect is visually highlighted by x-ray tomography diagnostics; that is, spatially and temporally intermittent vortex-like fluctuated structures are clearly observed as two-dimensionally reconstructed visual structures for the first time in kiloelectronvolt order ion-cyclotron heated plasmas having a weak shear in GAMMA 10. (ii) However, during the application of plug electron-cyclotron heatings (ECH), the associated potential rise produces a stronger shear (dEr/dr = several 10 kV m−2) resulting in the disappearance of such intermittent turbulent vortices with plasma confinement improvement. X-ray observations also show elongation of a vortex structure from a circular into an ellipsoidal shape, as depicted in H-mode theories, with an outward shift. (3) For the physics interpretations and control of such potential and the associated shear formation, the validity of our proposed theory of the potential formation is extensionally tested under the conditions with auxiliary heating. The data described above fit well to the extended surfaces calculated from our proposed consolidated theory of the strong ECH theory (plateau formation) with Pastukhov's theory on energy confinement.

日本語訳

第19回IAEA核融合エネルギー会議(2002年、リヨン)に続き、(1) イオン閉じ込めポテンシャル高さφcの形成における3回の進展(1992年から2002年に達成された値と比較して2.1 kVの記録を含む)が、イオン温度が数keVのタンデムミラー型プラズマにおいて達成された。(2) ポテンシャル形成の進展は、電場Erの径方向に生じるシア、すなわち非一様なシアプラズマ回転が、間欠的で渦状の乱流揺動の抑制に及ぼす顕著な効果を見出すための基礎を与える。(i) このようなシア効果は、X線トモグラフィー診断によって視覚的に明らかにされた。すなわち、空間的・時間的に間欠的な渦状の揺動構造が、GAMMA 10において弱いシアを有する数keVのイオンサイクロトロン加熱プラズマ中で、初めて2次元再構成画像として明確に観測された。(ii) しかしながら、プラグ用電子サイクロトロン加熱(ECH)の印加中には、関連するポテンシャル上昇により、より強いシア(dEr/dr = 数10 kV m⁻²)が生じ、その結果、このような間欠的な渦状乱流は消滅し、プラズマ閉じ込めの改善が達成された。X線観測はまた、Hモード理論で示されるように、渦構造が円形から楕円形へと変形し、外側へシフトすることを示した。(3) このようなポテンシャルと関連するシア形成の物理的解釈と制御のために、我々が提案したポテンシャル形成理論の妥当性が、追加加热条件下で拡張的に検証された。上記の実験データは、強力なECH理論(プラトー形成)とPastukhovのエネルギー閉じ込め理論を統合した我々の提案理論から計算された拡張曲面と良く一致した。

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