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CVD diamond detectors for fast VUV and SX-ray diagnostics on FTU

F. Bombarda, M. Angelone, G. Apruzzese, C. Centioli, S. Cesaroni, L. Gabellieri, A. Grosso, M. Marinelli, E. Milani, S. Palomba2021年被引用 3Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

The diagnostic performances of photodetectors based on Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) single crystal diamonds that were installed on one of the equatorial ports of the FTU tokamak during the last six months of operation of the machine are reported. Examples of plasma fast events have been collected in several different plasma conditions, confirming the fast response capabilities of diamond detectors and the high S/N ratio. During the runaway control and mitigation experiments, for example, the so-called Anomalous DopplerInstabilities were observed as sharp peaks of Ly-α emission caused by fast electrons hitting the wall, as a result of RE beam instabilities, perfectly correlated in time with other magnetic diagnostics and fast EC polychromator signals. Fast oscillations in the plasma emission are also observed in the presence of tearing modes, while other interesting observations relate to pellet ablation processes. The CVD diamond detectors were installed on FTU in view of their possible use for replacement of the Si photodiodes currently adopted for Soft X-ray tomography on future devices with harsher radiation environments. In fact, it was realized that the relatively flat response of the UV diamond sensor opened the possibility of using these detectors as bolometers. The first encouraging results have prompted launching an R&D program for the development of full-fledged diamond bolometers, which will be especially well suited for the coverage of the divertor and edge regions in high performance devices, in the energy range from 10 eV to about 20 keV.

日本語訳

FTUトカマクの運転最終6ヶ月間に赤道ポートの1つに設置された化学蒸着(CVD)単結晶ダイヤモンドに基づく光検出器の性能について報告する。異なるプラズマ条件の下で高速現象の例が収集され、ダイヤモンド検出器の高速応答性と高いS/N比が確認された。例えば、逃走電子の緩和・制御実験中に、高速電子が壁に衝突することによって生じるLy-α放射の鋭いピークとして、いわゆる異常ドップラー不安定性が観測された。これらのピークは、他の磁気診断装置や高速EC放射計(EC放射計)の信号と時間的に完全に相関していることが確認された。また、テアリングモードの存在下でのプラズマ放射の高速振動も観測された。その他の興味深い観測には、ペレット入射時のアブレーション過程に関連する現象が含まれる。CVDダイヤモンド検出器は、将来の核融合装置における過酷な放射線環境下で、現在軟X線トモグラフィーに使用されているシリコンフォトダイオードの代替として使用する可能性を視野に入れてFTUに設置された。実際、UV領域でのダイヤモンドセンサーの比較的フラットな応答特性により、これらの検出器をボロメータとして使用できる可能性が示唆された。最初の有望な結果を受けて、10 eVから約20 keVのエネルギー範囲で、高性能装置のダイバータ領域および周辺領域の計測に特に適した、本格的なダイヤモンドボロメータの開発プログラムが開始された。

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Plasma diagnosticsFusion Advanced Studies TorusFTU
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