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In situ measurements of deformation to fatigue failure on a flat-type divertor mockup under high heat flux loads by 3D digital image correlation

Zhiwei Pan, Shenghong Huang, Menglai Jiang2021年被引用 10Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

Plasma-facing components (PFCs) usually need to withstand extreme incident heat flux conditions in nuclear fusion engineering. In situ measurements of deformation to fatigue failure of PFCs under high heat flux (HHF) tests are significant and essential to understand their thermal-mechanical behaviors under servicing conditions; these measurements can provide first-hand and important information for evaluating and optimizing design performance and manufacturing techniques. However, unlike traditional contact measurements with strain gauges, the contactless optical measurement technique is rarely applied to measure or monitor the deformation to fatigue damage process of PFCs employed in HHF tests. In this work, a comprehensive HHF experimental platform was established by combining an electron gun scanning HHF heating system with a three-dimensional digital image correlation (3D-DIC) measurement system based on a vacuum chamber and specially designed optical windows and light sources. The 3D-DIC technology was utilized to measure the field deformation of a divertor mockup under cyclic HHF loads. Validation and qualification tests were conducted on the comprehensive experimental platform to ensure the performance of the platform and the accuracy of the 3D-DIC method. The thermal-induced field deformation of a flat-type divertor mockup under the conditions of 1000 HHF cycles at 10 MW m−2 and 300 HHF cycles at 20 MW m−2 using the 3D-DIC technique was then measured. The mechanical behavior of the accumulated plastic strain and fatigue debonding failure of the W/Cu interface due to periodic thermal stress were captured in situ by the measured strain curves and contours for the first time during HHF tests. The results demonstrate the feasibility and accuracy of the 3D-DIC technique for in situ fatigue deformation and damage strain measurements of PFCs during HHF tests. The proposed methods and technologies are expected to be applied to measure and monitor the servicing performance of PFCs under servicing conditions.

日本語訳

プラズマ対向機器(PFC)は、核融合工学において極端な熱流束条件に耐える必要があるのが一般的である。高熱流束(HHF)試験下でのPFCの疲労破壊に至る変形のその場計測は、供用条件下での熱機械的挙動を理解するために重要かつ不可欠であり、これらの計測は、設計性能と製造技術を評価・最適化するための直接的な情報を提供できる。しかしながら、従来のひずみゲージを用いた接触式計測とは異なり、非接触光学計測技術がHHF試験に供されるPFCの疲労損傷過程までの変形の計測・モニタリングに適用されることは稀である。本研究では、真空チャンバーと特別に設計された光学窓および光源に基づく電子銃走査HHF加熱システムと3次元デジタル画像相関(3D-DIC)計測システムを組み合わせることにより、総合的なHHF試験プラットフォームを構築した。3D-DIC技術を用いて、周期的HHF負荷下でのダイバータモックアップの面内変形を計測した。構築したプラットフォームの性能と3D-DIC法の精度を検証・評価するための検証試験を実施した。次に、10 MW m⁻²で1000サイクルおよび20 MW m⁻²で300サイクルのHHF負荷条件下でのフラット型ダイバータモックアップの熱誘起面内変形を3D-DIC法により計測した。計測されたひずみ曲線とコンター図により、周期的熱応力によるW/Cu界面での累積塑性ひずみと疲労はく離破壊の挙動がHHF試験中にその場で初めて捉えられた。これらの結果は、HHF試験中のPFCのその場疲労変形および損傷ひずみ計測に対する3D-DIC技術の実現可能性と精度を実証している。提案された方法と技術は、供用条件下でのPFCの性能計測とモニタリングに適用できることが期待される。

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