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Time-extended inductive tokamak discharges with differentially-tilted toroidal field coils

R. Gatto, F. Bombarda, S. Gabriellini, S. Murgo, V.K. Zotta2023年Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

The strong toroidal magnetic field required for plasma confinement in tokamaks is generated by a set of D-shaped coils lying equidistant on meridian planes toroidally located around the central axis of the device. A major technological challenge tied to this configuration is represented by the large Lorentz force acting on the coils and arising from the interaction of the coils' currents with the magnetic field generated by the coil system itself. As this force is given by the cross product of the coil current and the magnetic field, various kinds of coil geometry modification have been proposed to alleviate this problem, from an inclination of the entire coil in order to maintain its planarity, to azimuthal tilting of all, or parts of, the coil profile. When the inner legs of the coils are tilted, apart from a reduction of the electromagnetic forces, a solenoid-like structure is formed which introduces additional magnetic flux linked to the plasma. Considering compact, high field devices, it is shown that when this additional flux is exploited, totally or in part, to ramp up the plasma current, the discharge time can be extended by a significant amount without resorting to noninductive current drive systems. Operational scenarios with inner-leg-tilted toroidal field coils are presented.

日本語訳

トカマクにおけるプラズマ閉じ込めに必要な強いトロイダル磁場は、装置の中心軸の周りにトロイダル方向に配置され、子午面上に等間隔で置かれた一組のD形コイルによって生成される。この構成に伴う主要な技術的課題は、コイル電流と、コイル系自体が生成する磁場との相互作用から生じ、コイルに作用する大きなローレンツ力である。この力はコイル電流と磁場の外積で与えられるため、この問題を軽減するために、平面性を保つためのコイル全体の傾斜から、コイル形状の全体または一部の方位角方向の傾斜まで、さまざまな種類のコイル形状変更が提案されてきた。コイルの内側脚部が傾斜されると、電磁力の低減に加えて、プラズマに鎖交する追加の磁束を導入するソレノイド状の構造が形成される。コンパクトで高磁場の装置を考えると、この追加の磁束を全体的または部分的に利用してプラズマ電流を立ち上げる場合、非誘導電流駆動システムに頼ることなく、放電時間を大幅に延長できることが示される。内側脚部が傾斜したトロイダル磁場コイルを備えた運転シナリオが提示される。

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Toroidal field coils
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