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Current drive and magnetic turbulence experiments with electron cyclotron and lower hybrid waves on the Versator-II tokamak

J.A. Colborn, J.P. Squire, M. Porkolab, J. Villaseñor1998年被引用 12Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

Electron cyclotron (EC) waves were injected into partially lower hybrid current driven (LHCD) discharges on the Versator-II tokamak to test the theoretically predicted current drive synergism between EC and LH waves. For discharges with line averaged thermal electron density ⟨ne⟩ ≈ 8 × 1012 cm-3, the EC waves increased the plasma current and decreased the loop voltage. In contrast, for discharges with ⟨ne⟩ ⩽ 6 × 1012 cm-3, the EC waves decreased the plasma current and increased the loop voltage. This reduction in the plasma current by the EC waves at low density was generally accompanied by an increase in the limiter hard X ray emission and a clamping or reduction in the 70 GHz plasma emission, suggesting that confinement of the suprathermal current carrying electrons was degraded by the EC waves. This enhanced loss of the high-parallel-energy current-carrying LH-driven electron tail may have been caused by EC-wave-induced magnetic turbulence, which was observed to increase during EC wave injection by up to an order of magnitude in the frequency range of 50 to 400 kHz. The observed turbulence levels during EC wave injection and the average parallel energy of the current carrying electrons were higher for the lower density discharges, making the current carrying electrons more susceptible to loss caused by magnetic turbulence. Simple estimates show that the observed EC induced magnetic turbulence can explain the poor observed EC/LH current drive efficiency and its dependence on the thermal electron density.

日本語訳

電子サイクロトロン(EC)波を、Versator-IIトカマクにおける低域混成(LH)波電流駆動放電に注入し、EC波とLH波の間の電流駆動相乗効果に関する理論的予測を検証した。線平均熱電子密度⟨ne⟩ ≈ 8 × 10¹³ cm⁻³の放電では、EC波の注入によりプラズマ電流が増加し、ループ電圧が減少した。対照的に、⟨ne⟩ ≤ 6 × 10¹³ cm⁻³の放電では、EC波の注入によりプラズマ電流が減少し、ループ電圧が増加した。低密度放電におけるEC波によるプラズマ電流の減少は、一般にリミター硬X線放射の増加と70 GHzプラズマ放射のクランプまたは減少を伴っており、これは超熱的電流担体電子の閉じ込めがEC波によって劣化したことを示唆している。この高平行エネルギー電流担体LHテール電子の損失増大は、EC波によって誘起された磁気乱流によって引き起こされた可能性があり、EC波注入中に50〜400 kHzの周波数範囲で磁気乱流が最大1桁増加することが観測された。EC波注入中の乱流レベルと電流担体電子の平均平行エネルギーは、低密度放電においてより高く、電流担体電子は磁気乱流による損失を受けやすくなっていた。単純な評価により、観測されたEC波誘起磁気乱流は、観測されたEC/LH電流駆動効率の低下とその熱電子密度依存性を説明できることが示された。

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