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Physics of GAM-initiated L–H transition in a tokamak

L G Askinazi, A A Belokurov, V V Bulanin, A D Gurchenko, E Z Gusakov, T P Kiviniemi, S V Lebedev, V A Kornev, T Korpilo, S V Krikunov2017年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

Based on experimental observations using the TUMAN-3M and FT-2 tokamaks, and the results of gyrokinetic modeling of the interplay between turbulence and the geodesic acoustic mode (GAM) in these installations, a simple model is proposed for the analysis of the conditions required for L–H transition triggering by a burst of radial electric field oscillations in a tokamak. In the framework of this model, one-dimensional density evolution is considered to be governed by an anomalous diffusion coefficient dependent on radial electric field shear. The radial electric field is taken as the sum of the oscillating term and the quasi-stationary one determined by density and ion temperature gradients through a neoclassical formula. If the oscillating field parameters (amplitude, frequency, etc) are properly adjusted, a transport barrier forms at the plasma periphery and sustains after the oscillations are switched off, manifesting a transition into the high confinement mode with a strong inhomogeneous radial electric field and suppressed transport at the plasma edge. The electric field oscillation parameters required for L–H transition triggering are compared with the GAM parameters observed at the TUMAN-3M (in the discharges with ohmic L–H transition) and FT-2 tokamaks (where no clear L–H transition was observed). It is concluded based on this comparison that the GAM may act as a trigger for the L–H transition, provided that certain conditions for GAM oscillation and tokamak discharge are met.

日本語訳

TUMAN-3MおよびFT-2トカマクを用いた実験的観測と、これらの装置における乱流と測地音響モード(GAM)の相互作用のジャイロ運動論的モデリングの結果に基づき、トカマクにおける径方向電場のバーストによるL-H遷移のトリガーに必要な条件を解析するための簡単なモデルを提案する。このモデルの枠組みでは、一次元密度発展は径方向電場シアに依存する異常拡散係数によって支配されると考えられる。径方向電場は、振動項と、ネオクラシカル公式によって密度勾配およびイオン温度勾配から決定される準定常項の和として表される。振動場のパラメータ(振幅、周波数など)が適切に調整されれば、プラズマ周辺部に輸送障壁が形成され、振動が停止した後も持続し、強い非一様な径方向電場とプラズマ端部での輸送抑制を伴う高閉じ込めモードへの遷移が発現する。L-H遷移のトリガーに必要な電場振動パラメータを、オーミックL-H遷移を伴う放電におけるTUMAN-3Mと、明確なL-H遷移が観測されなかったFT-2トカマクで観測されたGAMパラメータと比較する。この比較に基づき、GAMの振動およびトカマク放電に関する特定の条件が満たされれば、GAMがL-H遷移のトリガーとして機能し得ると結論づけられる。

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