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Investigating the radial structure of axisymmetric fluctuations in the TCV tokamak with local and global gyrokinetic GENE simulations

G Merlo, S Brunner, Z Huang, S Coda, T Görler, L Villard, A Bañón Navarro, J Dominski, M Fontana, F Jenko2018年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

Axisymmetric (n = 0) density fluctuations measured in the TCV tokamak are observed to possess a frequency f0 which is either varying (radially dispersive oscillations) or a constant over a large fraction of the plasma minor radius (radially global oscillations) as reported in a companion paper (Z Huang et al, this issue). Given that f0 scales with the sound speed and given the poloidal structure of density fluctuations, these oscillations were interpreted as Geodesic Acoustic Modes, even though f0 is in fact smaller than the local linear GAM frequency . In this work we employ the Eulerian gyrokinetic code GENE to simulate TCV relevant conditions and investigate the nature and properties of these oscillations, in particular their relation to the safety factor profile. Local and global simulations are carried out and a good qualitative agreement is observed between experiments and simulations. By varying also the plasma temperature and density profiles, we conclude that a variation of the edge safety factor alone is not sufficient to induce a transition from global to radially inhomogeneous oscillations, as was initially suggested by experimental results. This transition appears instead to be the combined result of variations in the different plasma profiles, collisionality and finite machine size effects. Simulations also show that radially global GAM-like oscillations can be observed in all fluxes and fluctuation fields, suggesting that they are the result of a complex nonlinear process involving also finite toroidal mode numbers and not just linear global GAM eigenmodes.

日本語訳

TCVトカマクにおいて測定された軸対称(n = 0)密度揺動は、その周波数f0がプラズマ小半径の大部分にわたって変化する(径方向に分散する振動)か、または一定である(径方向に大域的な振動)かのいずれかであることが観測されており、これは姉妹論文(Z Huangら、本号)で報告されている。f0が音速に比例し、密度揺動のポロイダル構造を考慮すると、これらの振動は測地線音響モード(GAM)として解釈されたが、実際にはf0は局所線形GAM周波数よりも小さい。本論文では、オイラー型ジャイロ運動論コードGENEを用いてTCVの条件を模擬し、これらの振動の性質、特に安全係数分布との関係を調査する。局所および大域的シミュレーションを実施し、実験とシミュレーションの間に良好な定性的一致が観測された。また、プラズマ温度分布と密度分布を変化させることにより、実験結果が当初示唆したように、端部安全係数の変化のみでは大域的振動から径方向に不均一な振動への遷移を引き起こすのに十分ではないと結論づけられる。この遷移は、むしろ異なるプラズマ分布の変化、衝突性、および有限装置サイズ効果の複合的な結果として現れる。シミュレーションはまた、径方向に大域的なGAM様振動がすべてのフラックス面およびすべての揺動場で観測され得ることを示しており、これらは有限トロイダルモード数を含む複雑な非線形過程の結果であり、線形大域的GAM固有モードのみによるものではないことを示唆している。

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