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Implementation of SOLPS-ITER code with new Grad–Zhdanov module for D–T mixture

S.O. Makarov, D.P. Coster, E.G. Kaveeva, V.A. Rozhansky, I.Y. Senichenkov, I.Y. Veselova, S.P. Voskoboynikov, A.A. Stepanenko, X. Bonnin, R.A. Pitts2023年被引用 6Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

A new Grad–Zhdanov module is implemented into the SOLPS-ITER code for calculation of the parallel kinetic coefficients. A complete, multi-ion generalization is performed, relaxing the heavy impurity assumption. A JET-like D+T+Ne test simulation is conducted to demonstrate the ability to model a 50/50 deuterium (D) and tritium (T) mixture in SOLPS-ITER. More than 30% T build-up with respect to D is observed in different parts of the simulation domain, in particular at the high field side. A T predominance over D is also observed near both the inner and outer targets. It is a result of the different effective diffusion, dominated by charge-exchange processes, for the D and T neutral species. A simple 1D model is proposed to describe this phenomenon. The contribution to the differing D and T distribution in different regions from the Grad–Zhdanov thermal force is also studied. Due to the thermal force and the D/T poloidal flow from the low field side to the high field side, the prevalence of the T species over D is found at the high field side at the X-point level. The latter leads to an inner–outer divertor asymmetry of . However, the effect is relatively small due to the close D and T masses. It is further shown that the infinite ion mass difference limit, which is used for the derivation of the Zhdanov-Yushmanov analytical expressions and applied for the thermal force coefficient calculation previously used in the SOLPS-ITER code, overestimates significantly. Thus, the old SOLPS-ITER model should not be applied for D–T simulations. Finally, possible experimental studies of the D and T spatial separation due to the new effects revealed by this modelling are discussed.

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