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Physics of collapse events in toroidal plasmas

S-I Itoh, K Itoh, H Zushi, A Fukuyama1998年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

A review is made of the crash phenomena in toroidal plasmas. The emphasis is placed on the physics that causes the crash of global plasma parameters. Recent progress in the measurement has provided a unified view of various crash phenomena, i.e. the sudden occurrence of the crash, the sensitivity (or probabilistic dependence) of the occurrence of the crash on the global parameters, and the abrupt excitation of a symmetry-breaking perturbation (magnetic trigger). Essential observations that describe the physics of collapse are surveyed. The theoretical study of the nonlinear plasma dynamics is overviewed. Theories of the onset and explosive growth, which are based on magnetic braiding, are discussed. As an example, a picture based on a turbulence-turbulence transition is explained. A picture based on hysteresis and bifurcation, not on the linear instability criterion, emerging from advanced measurements and recent progress, describes the basic physics of the collapse.

日本語訳

トロイダルプラズマにおけるクラッシュ現象について概説する。グローバルなプラズマパラメータのクラッシュを引き起こす物理に重点を置く。近年の測定の進展により、様々なクラッシュ現象、すなわちクラッシュの突発的発生、グローバルパラメータに対するクラッシュ発生の感度(または確率的依存性)、および対称性を破る摂動(磁気トリガー)の急激な励起について、統一的な見解が得られている。崩壊の物理を記述する本質的な観測結果を概観する。非線形プラズマ力学の理論的研究を概説する。磁気リコネクションに基づく発生理論と急激な成長理論について議論する。一例として、乱流-乱流遷移に基づく描像を説明する。近年の進歩と先進的な測定から得られた、線形不安定性基準ではなくヒステリシスと分岐に基づく描像が、崩壊の基本的な物理を記述するものである。

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