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Metastable states in tokamaks

E Minardi, V Toschi1986年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

A situation is considered such that the thermal conductivity of the electrons depends on the safety factor q and is much larger in an outer zone characterized by q>qa where qa is a critical value of q, thus simulating the existence of a cold boundary region dominated by losses related to stochastic magnetic effects and to resonant instabilities around rational q-surfaces. The solution of the coupled system of the Ohm-Maxwell and transport equations is such that the interface with q=qa can equivalently be defined as a surface conserving the poloidal flux. For initial perturbations cooling the boundary the interface moves inwards. At the same time the temperature on the interface remains approximately constant and cold. The total current decays linearly in time with a decay rate depending on the degree of peaking and scaling with electric dissipation time in the boundary zone, but independent of the confinement time. The system is also linearly unstable with respect to heating perturbations, e.g. generated by an outward heat pulse widening the warm zone. The nonlinear behaviour in this case exhibits a bifurcated character.

日本語訳

電子の熱伝導率が安全係数qに依存し、q>qa(qaはqの臨界値)で特徴づけられる外側領域でずっと大きいような状況を考える。これにより、確率的磁気効果と有理q面周辺の共鳴不安定性に関連する損失が支配的な冷たい境界領域の存在を模擬する。オーム-マクスウェル連立方程式と輸送方程式の解は、q=qaの界面がポロイダル磁束を保存する面として等価に定義できるようなものである。境界を冷却する初期摂動に対して、界面は内側へ移動する。同時に、界面の温度はほぼ一定で低温のままである。全電流は時間とともに線形に減衰し、その減衰率はピーキングの程度に依存し、境界領域の電気的散逸時間でスケーリングするが、閉じ込め時間には依存しない。この系はまた、加熱摂動に対して線形不安定である。例えば、外側への熱パルスによって暖かい領域が広がる場合などである。この場合の非線形挙動は分岐の特徴を示す。

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