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Recent progress on high performance steady state plasmas in the superconducting tokamak TRIAM-1M

S. Itoh, K.N. Sato, K. Nakamura, H. Zushi, M. Sakamoto, K. Hanada, E. Jotaki, K. Makino, S. Kawasaki, H. Nakashima1999年被引用 38Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

An overview of TRIAM-1M experiments is presented. The current status of issues related to steady state operation is presented with reference to the achievement of super-ultra-long tokamak discharges sustained by LHCD for over 2 h. The importance of control of the initial phase of theplasma, the avoidance of high heat load concentration, wall conditioning and the avoidance of abrupt termination of long discharges are discussed as the crucial issues for the achievement ofsteady state operation of the tokamak. A high ion temperature (HIT) discharge fully sustained by 2.45 GHz LHCD with both high ion temperature and steep temperature gradient was successfully demonstrated for longer than 1 minin the limiter configuration. The HIT discharges can be obtained in a narrow window of density and position. The avoidance of heat load concentration on a limiter is the key point for the achievement and long sustainment of the HIT discharge. As the effective thermal insulation between the wall andthe plasma is improved for the single null configuration, HIT discharges with peak ion temperature > 5 keV and a steeper temperature gradient of up to 85 keV/m can be achieved through the fine control of density and position. Plasmas with high κ ≈ 1.5can also be demonstrated for longer than 1 min. The current profile is also well controlled for a time about 2 orders of magnitude longer than the current diffusion time using combined LHCD. The serious damage to the material of thefirst wall caused by energetic neutral particles produced by charge exchange is also described. As the neutral particles cannot be affected bya magnetic field, this damage by neutral particles must be prevented by a new technique.

日本語訳

TRIAM-1M実験の概要を提示する。定常運転に関連する課題の現状を、LHCDにより2時間以上にわたって維持された超超長尺トカマク放電の達成に照らして提示する。プラズマ初期位相の制御、高熱流束集中の回避、壁調整、および長尺放電の急激な終止の回避の重要性を、トカマクの定常運転達成のための重要課題として議論する。2.45 GHz LHCDにより完全に維持された高イオン温度(HIT)放電が、高イオン温度と急峻な温度勾配の両方を伴って、リミター配位において1分以上にわたり実証に成功した。HIT放電は、密度と位置の狭い窓内でのみ得られる。リミターへの熱流束集中の回避が、HIT放電の達成と長時間維持の鍵となる。単一ヌル配位において壁とプラズマ間の実効熱絶縁が改善されるにつれ、ピークイオン温度が5 keVを超え、温度勾配が最大85 keV/mに達するHIT放電が、密度と位置の精密制御を通じて達成可能となる。高いκ ≈ 1.5を有するプラズマも、1分以上にわたり実証可能である。電流分布も、複合LHCDを用いることで、電流拡散時間より約2桁長い時間にわたり良好に制御される。電荷交換により生成された高エネルギー中性粒子による第一壁材料の深刻な損傷についても記述する。中性粒子は磁場の影響を受けないため、この中性粒子による損傷は新たな手法によって防止されなければならない。

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Steady stateTRIAM-1M
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