The paper presents results of experimental studies of dense and high-temperature plasmas, which were produced by pulsed high-current discharges within a modernised PF-1000U facility operated at different initial gas conditions, and supplied from a condenser bank which delivered energy of about 350 kJ. The investigated discharges were performed at the initial deuterium filling under pressure of 1.6–2.0 hPa, with or without an additional puffing of pure deuterium (1 cm3, under pressure 0.15 MPa, at instants 1.5–2 ms before the main discharge initiation). For a comparison discharges were also performed at the initial neon filling under pressure of 1.1–1.3 hPa, with or without the addition of deuterium puffing. The recorded discharge current waveforms, laser interferometric images, signals of hard x-rays and fusion neutrons, as well as time-integrated x-ray pinhole images and time-resolved x-ray signals were compared. From a ratio of the x-ray signals recorded behind beryllium filters of different thickness there were estimated values of a plasma electron temperature (Te) in a region at the electrode outlets. For pure deuterium discharges an averaged Te value amounted to 150–170 eV, while for neon discharges with the deuterium puffing it reached 330–880 eV (with accuracy of ±20%).
本论文介绍了在现代化PF-1000U装置中，利用脉冲高电流放电产生致密高温等离子体的实验研究结果。该装置在不同初始气体条件下运行，并由储能约350 kJ的电容器组供电。实验在初始氘气填充压力为1.6–2.0 hPa的条件下进行，部分实验在主放电起始前1.5–2 ms时刻，额外脉冲注入纯氘气（体积1 cm³，压力0.15 MPa）。为进行对比，还在初始氖气填充压力为1.1–1.3 hPa的条件下进行了放电实验，部分实验同样伴随氘气脉冲注入。对记录的放电电流波形、激光干涉图像、硬X射线信号及聚变中子信号，以及时间积分X射线针孔图像和时间分辨X射线信号进行了比较分析。根据不同厚度铍滤片后记录的X射线信号比值，估算了电极出口区域的等离子体电子温度（Te）。对于纯氘气放电，平均Te值约为150–170 eV；而对于伴随氘气脉冲注入的氖气放电，Te值可达330–880 eV（精度为±20%）。