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Spacecraft observations of solar wind turbulence: an overview

T S Horbury, M A Forman, S Oughton2005年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

Spacecraft measurements in the solar wind offer the opportunity to study magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence in a collisionless plasma in great detail. We review some of the key results of the study of this medium: the presence of large amplitude Alfvén waves propagating predominantly away from the Sun; the existence of an active turbulent cascade; and the presence of intermittency similar to that in neutral fluids. We also discuss the presence of anisotropy in wavevector space relative to the local magnetic field direction. Some models suggest that MHD turbulence can evolve to a state with power predominantly in wavevectors either parallel to the magnetic field ('slab' fluctuations) or approximately perpendicular to it ('2D'). We review the existing evidence for such anisotropy, which has important consequences for the transport of energetic particles. Finally, we present the first results of a new analysis which provides the most accurate measurements to date of the wave-vector anisotropy of wavevector power in solar wind MHD turbulence.

日本語訳

太陽風中の宇宙機観測は、無衝突プラズマ中の磁気流体力学(MHD)乱流を詳細に研究する機会を提供する。我々は、この媒質の研究における主要な結果のいくつかを概説する:太陽から主に遠ざかる方向に伝播する大振幅のAlfvén波の存在、活発な乱流カスケードの存在、そして中性流体におけるそれと類似した間欠性の存在である。また、局所磁場方向に対する波数空間における異方性の存在についても議論する。いくつかのモデルは、MHD乱流が、波数が磁場に平行な(「スラブ」ゆらぎ)、またはほぼ垂直な(「2D」)状態に発展し得ることを示唆している。我々は、このような異方性に関する既存の証拠を概説するが、これは高エネルギー粒子の輸送に重要な影響を及ぼす。最後に、太陽風MHD乱流における波数パワーの波数ベクトル異方性について、これまでで最も正確な測定を提供する新たな解析の最初の結果を提示する。

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