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Anisotropic wave turbulence in electron MHD

Sébastien Galtier, Amitava Bhattacharjee2005年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

It is well known that the magnetic and the velocity field fluctuations in the solar wind possess many features expected of fully developed magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence. However, for frequencies higher than 0.1 Hz the situation is different and clear discrepancies have been recently observed with, for example, a steepening of the magnetic fluctuation power law spectrum. In order to give a satisfactory description of the high frequency solar wind it is necessary to adopt a new description like the electron MHD approximation in which the dynamics is entirely governed by electrons. In that context, we review and discuss recent theoretical results obtained in anisotropic whistler wave turbulence for electron MHD in the presence of a strong and uniform external magnetic field. Using helicity decomposition, the wave kinetic equations for energy and magnetic helicity are derived at the level of three-wave interactions between whistler waves. It is shown that nonlinear interactions of whistler waves transfer energy and magnetic helicity mainly in the direction perpendicular to the external magnetic field. The anisotropic turbulence thus generated has exact stationary power law solutions which scale as for the energy spectrum and for the magnetic helicity spectrum. A strong analogy is found with the problem of rotating turbulence for incompressible neutral flows which share almost all the same properties.

日本語訳

太陽風における磁場および速度場のゆらぎが、十分に発達した電磁流体力学(MHD)乱流に期待される多くの特徴を示すことはよく知られている。しかしながら、0.1 Hzより高い周波数では状況は異なり、例えば磁場ゆらぎのべき乗則スペクトルの傾きが急峻になるなど、最近の観測で明らかな不一致が報告されている。高い周波数領域の太陽風を適切に記述するためには、電子MHD近似のような新しい記述を採用する必要がある。そこでは、力学は完全に電子によって支配される。この文脈において、我々は、強い一様外部磁場の存在下での電子MHDにおける異方性ホイッスラー波乱流に関する最近の理論的結果を概説し、考察する。ヘリシティ分解を用いることにより、ホイッスラー波間の三波相互作用のレベルで、エネルギーと磁気ヘリシティに対する波動運動方程式が導出される。ホイッスラー波の非線形相互作用は、エネルギーと磁気ヘリシティを主に外部磁場に垂直な方向へ輸送することが示される。このようにして生成された異方性乱流は、エネルギースペクトルが に比例し、磁気ヘリシティスペクトルが に比例する厳密なべき乗則定常解を持つ。この結果は、非圧縮性中性流体の回転乱流の問題と強い類似性を示し、そこではほぼ同一の性質が共有される。

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