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MHD turbulence in the solar wind: self-similarity, intermittency and coherent structures

Pierluigi Veltri1999年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

High-resolution numerical simulations on the one hand and solar wind data analysis on the other hand have allowed for much progress in our understanding of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence. In particular the high resolution of solar wind measurements has allowed us to characterize the intermittency observed on small scales. In this paper we will give a schematic view of the main properties of solar wind MHD turbulence and discuss some recent results obtained from the analysis of velocity and magnetic field data measured during the space experiments Helios and ISEE. In particular, we will show that applying Haar wavelets technique to about one year of data taken every minute during the ISEE space experiment, it is possible to calculate spectra and structure functions of the turbulence; moreover the definition of conditioned structure function allows: (a) for the elimination of intermittency effects in spectra and thus for a clear identification of which kind of phenomenology of nonlinear cascade between Kolmogorov and Kraichnan is taking place in the solar wind turbulence; (b) for the identification of the most intermittent structures which turn out to be either shock waves or one-dimensional current sheets, at variance with ordinary fluid intermittency, where the most intermittent structures are found to be two-dimensional vortices.

日本語訳

高解像度数値シミュレーションと太陽風データ解析の両方により、電磁流体力学(MHD)乱流の理解において大きな進展がもたらされた。特に、太陽風観測の高解像度データにより、小スケールで観測される間欠性を特徴づけることが可能となった。本論文では、太陽風MHD乱流の主な特性について概観し、HeliosおよびISEEの宇宙実験中に取得された速度場および磁場データの解析から得られた最近の結果について考察する。特に、ISEE宇宙実験中に1分間隔で取得された約1年分のデータにHaarウェーブレット手法を適用することで、乱流のスペクトルおよび構造関数を計算できることを示す。さらに、条件付き構造関数の定義により、以下のことが可能となる:(a)スペクトルにおける間欠性の影響を除去し、太陽風乱流においてコルモゴロフ型とクラフチナン型のいずれの非線形カスケードの現象論が生じているかを明確に特定すること、(b)最も間欠的な構造を特定すること。これらの構造は、通常の流体乱流において最も間欠的な構造が二次元渦であるのとは対照的に、衝撃波または一次元電流シートのいずれかであることが判明する。

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MagnetohydrodynamicsCoherent structuresSolar wind
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