Fast ion synergistic effects were studied by predictive modelling of JET best performing pulses for various levels of neutral beam injection (NBI) and radio frequency (RF) power. Calculated DD neutron yields were analysed with the intention of separating the impact of RF synergistic effects due to changes in fast ion (FI) distribution function (DF) from secondary effects accompanying the application of RF power, namely changes in Te and Ti. A novel approach in analysing the efficiency of fast ions in fusion reactions based on evaluation of the cumulative reaction rates is outlined and used in the study. Conclusions on the impact of fast ion synergistic effects on fusion performance are based on comparisons of beam-target (BT) and thermal (Th) DD reaction rates. It was found that changes in auxiliary heating power, NBI and RF, by 4 MW will affect DD fusion performance and neutron rates significantly. Simulations of the best performing JET pulses show that for H minority RF heating scheme with available RF power the impact of RF synergistic effects is somewhat lesser than the secondary effects related to changes in Te and Ti. In conditions of much higher RF power the modification in fast ion distribution function (FI DF) and the impact of the fast ions on BT DD fusion becomes significant. The impact of the RF and NBI power on the BT reactivities was found to be of similar order; however, the NBI power has greater impact on reaction rates due to its larger effect on fast ion density.
Generation and observation of fast deuterium ions and fusion-born alpha particles in JET D−3He plasmas with the 3-ion radio-frequency heating scenario