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The effect of impurity seeding into the closed divertor on plasma detachment in the HL-2A tokamak

J.M. Gao, L.Z. Cai, C.Z. Cao, H.C. Ma, R. Ke, N. Wu, Y. Hu, X.Y. Gao, C.H. Cui, Z.H. Huang2023年被引用 4Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

Recent progress towards an increased understanding of detached divertor physics has been made with the highly closed divertor geometry in HL-2A. Non-intrinsic impurities were injected into the outer divertor chamber, and increased divertor neutral pressure and enhanced volumetric energy loss in the divertor were observed. Meanwhile the neutral pressure in the main chamber decreased slightly, and neutral compression between the divertor and main chamber increased greatly. This led to divertor detachment with a low upstream plasma line-averaged electron density (). In the H-mode, slight degradation of the core confinement, characterized by a decrease in plasma stored energy and pedestal pressure and an increase in edge-localized mode frequency, was observed, but the H-mode was still sustained well with H98 > 1. Pedestal density fluctuation was increased during detachment, implying that the enhanced pedestal transport might be responsible for the degradation. During the divertor detachment phase, the impurities were well controlled in the divertor without strong radiation near the X-point region, and the main plasma density did not increase but decreased slightly; this could be a benefit of the highly closed divertor geometry. The experimental results suggest that a closed divertor geometry has the advantages of volumetric energy loss, gas pumping and impurity control in the divertor without significant effects on the plasma confinement, thus giving a wider operating window for divertor detachment.

日本語訳

HL-2Aの高閉鎖ダイバータ配置により、非接触ダイバータ物理の理解向上に向けた最近の進展がもたらされた。非自然不純物が外側ダイバータ室に注入され、ダイバータ内の増加した中性ガス圧力と、ダイバータにおける増強された体積エネルギー損失が観測された。一方、主チャンバー内の中性ガス圧力はわずかに減少し、ダイバータと主チャンバー間の中性粒子圧縮は大幅に増加した。これにより、低い上流プラズマ線平均電子密度()でのダイバータ・デタッチメントがもたらされた。Hモードでは、プラズマ蓄積エネルギーとペデスタル圧力の減少および周辺局在モード周波数の増加によって特徴づけられる、コア閉じ込めのわずかな劣化が観測されたが、H98>1でHモードは依然として良好に維持された。デタッチメント中にペデスタル密度揺動が増加し、ペデスタル輸送の増大が劣化の原因である可能性があることを示唆している。ダイバータ・デタッチメント相の間、不純物はX点領域近傍での強い放射を伴わずにダイバータ内で良好に制御され、主プラズマ密度は増加せずわずかに減少した。これは高閉鎖ダイバータ配置の利点である可能性がある。実験結果は、閉鎖ダイバータ配置が、プラズマ閉じ込めへの顕著な影響を及ぼすことなく、ダイバータ内での体積エネルギー損失、ガス排気、不純物制御において利点を有し、これによりダイバータ・デタッチメントのためのより広い運転窓を提供することを示唆している。

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DivertorImpurityHL-2ADivertor detachmentImpurity seedingPlasma detachment
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