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Energy balance during disruptions

N Isernia, V Scalera, C Serpico, F Villone2020年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

In the operation of tokamaks, hard-to-predict fast transient events, called disruptions, are often responsible for severe energy deposition on the structures surrounding the plasma. In this paper, first of all we derive an overall energy balance for a disruptive plasma, then we use an evolutionary equilibrium code (CarMa0NL) to reproduce the macroscopic plasma evolution during a disruption of a sample high-aspect-ratio circular plasma, analysing the energy fluxes which take place during the event. We show that the variations of toroidal magnetic energy are compensated by one portion of the Poynting vector flux, and that dissipated heat during the Thermal Quench is mainly related to the loss of internal energy. Moreover, we develop an analytical model providing physical insight on the energy deposition on the wall during the Current Quench, related to the poloidal magnetic energy, in a quantity depending on the time scale of the event compared to the electromagnetic time constants.

日本語訳

トカマクの運転において、予測が困難な高速過渡現象であるディスラプションは、プラズマを取り囲む構造物への深刻なエネルギー堆積を引き起こすことが多い。本論文では、まずディスラプティブプラズマに対する全体的なエネルギー収支を導出し、次に発展型平衡コード(CarMa0NL)を用いて、高アスペクト比の円形断面プラズマのディスラプション中の巨視的プラズマ発展を再現し、この事象中に生じるエネルギーフラックスを解析する。トロイダル磁気エネルギーの変化はポインティングベクトルフラックスの一部によって補償されること、また熱クエンチ中の散逸熱は主に内部エネルギーの損失に関連することを示す。さらに、電流クエンチ中の壁へのエネルギー堆積に関する物理的洞察を提供する解析モデルを構築する。この堆積はポロイダル磁気エネルギーに関連し、その量は事象の時間スケールと電磁時定数の比に依存する。

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