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Application of laser-induced fluorescence to high-temperature plasmas

K Muraoka, M Maeda1993年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

The principle of laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) is first reviewed and the necessary hardware for the diagnostic is described. Following this is a review of the present state of the art, including what has so far been measured and discussed, and what is currently being developed. LIF is the technique in which atoms, molecules and ions are excited from low-lying energy levels to higher levels, and the resulting fluorescence observed when they decay back to the lower levels. Because spectral lines of different species very rarely overlap and the cross sections for the resonant excitations are large, the technique is very powerful for observing a particular species with very high sensitivity. This characteristic offers a unique feature for the understanding of particle behaviour in plasmas, and if Stark and Zeeman effects are large enough to be detectable, for measurements of electric and magnetic fields. The key hardware for the technique is a tunable laser, whose wavelength is tuned to transitions of the species to be detected. Various tunable lasers are described, combined with techniques for narrowing and scanning of the laser output spectrum for spectral profile measurements.

日本語訳

レーザー誘起蛍光法(LIF)の原理をまず概説し、その診断に必要なハードウェアについて述べる。続いて、これまでに測定・議論されてきた内容と現在開発中の内容を含む、最新の技術水準を概説する。LIFは、原子、分子、イオンが低いエネルギー準位から高い準位へ励起され、その後、より低い準位へと緩和する際に放出される蛍光を観測する手法である。異なる種のスペクトル線が重なることは稀であり、共鳴励起の断面積が大きいことから、LIFは特定の種を非常に高い感度で観測するための強力な手法である。この特性により、プラズマ中の粒子挙動の理解に独自の手段が提供され、さらに、シュタルク効果やゼーマン効果が検出可能なほど十分に大きい場合には、電場・磁場の測定にも応用できる。本手法の主要なハードウェアは波長可変レーザーであり、その波長は検出対象の遷移に同調される。スペクトルプロファイル測定のためのレーザー出力スペクトルの狭帯域化および走査技術と併せて、各種の波長可変レーザーについて解説する。

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Laser-induced fluorescence
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