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Gas–liquid interfacial plasmas: basic properties and applications to nanomaterial synthesis

T Kaneko, K Baba, R Hatakeyama2009年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

A boundary between plasmas and liquids, which activates physical and chemical reactions, has successfully been generated under a low gas pressure condition by utilizing ionic liquids with unique properties such as fully ionized plasma state, extremely low vapor pressure and high heat capacity. Due to the formation and control of a sheath electric field just above the ionic liquid, the plasma-ion behavior can be manipulated and the effects of the ion irradiation on the ionic liquid are quantitatively revealed. In connection with the plasma-ion irradiation, the secondary electron emission is found to be enhanced by introducing the ionic liquid as a cathode electrode. The control of the plasma-ion irradiation flux and energy to the ionic liquid leads to the creation of various kinds of metal nanoparticles by the reduction in metal chlorides and the realization of efficient synthesis. Furthermore, the metal nanoparticles are synthesized with carbon nanotubes as a template in the ionic liquid using the plasma irradiation method. It is found that the high density, mono-dispersed and isolated metal nanoparticles are synthesized between or inside the carbon nanotubes by controlling the gas–liquid interfaced plasmas.

日本語訳

要約:プラズマと液体の界面は化学反応を活性化するが、低ガス圧条件下でイオン液体を用いることで、完全にイオン化したプラズマ状態、極めて低い蒸気圧、高い熱容量といった特異な性質を利用して、プラズマと液体の界面を生成することに成功した。イオン液体の直上にシース電場を形成・制御することで、プラズマ中のイオン挙動を操作し、イオン照射が液体に及ぼす影響を定量的に明らかにした。さらに、イオン液体を陰極として導入することで、プラズマ照射に伴う二次電子放出が増強されることを見出した。プラズマ照射によるイオン液体へのイオン束とエネルギーの制御により、金属塩化物の還元を介して多種多様な金属ナノ粒子を生成し、効率的な合成を実現した。さらに、イオン液体中でカーボンナノチューブを鋳型として用いたプラズマ照射法により金属ナノ粒子を合成した。気液界面プラズマを制御することで、カーボンナノチューブの内部または間に、高密度で単分散かつ孤立した金属ナノ粒子が合成されることが明らかとなった。

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