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Comparison of various wall conditionings on the reduction of H content and particle recycling in EAST

G Z Zuo, J S Hu, S Zhen, J G Li, D K Mansfield, B Cao, J H Wu, L E Zakharov, the EAST Team2012年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

Reductions in H content and particle recycling are important for the improvement of ion cyclotron range of frequency (ICRF) minority heating efficiency and the enhancement of plasma performance of the EAST superconducting tokamak. During recent years several techniques of surface conditioning such as baking, glow discharge cleaning/ICRF discharge cleaning, surface coatings, such as boronization, siliconization and lithium coating, have all been attempted in order to reduce the H/(H+D) ratio and particle recycling in EAST. Even though boronization and siliconization were both reasonably effective methods to improve plasma performance, lithium coatings were observed to reduce the H content and particle recycling to levels low enough to allow the attainment of enhanced plasma parameters and operating modes on EAST. For example, by accomplishing lithium coating using either vacuum evaporation or the real-time injection of fine lithium powder, the H/(H+D) ratio could be routinely decreased to about 5%, which significantly improved ICRF minority heating efficiency during the autumn campaign of 2010. Due to the reduced H/(H+D) ratio and lower particle recycling, and a reduced H-mode power threshold, improved plasma confinement and the first EAST H-mode plasma were obtained. Furthermore, with increasing accumulation of deposited lithium, several new milestones of EAST performance, such as a 6.4 s-long H-mode, a 100 s-long plasma duration and a 1 MA plasma current, were achieved in the 2010 autumn campaign.

日本語訳

水素含有量の低減と粒子リサイクリングは、EAST超伝導トカマクにおけるイオンサイクロトロン周波数帯(ICRF)マイノリティ加熱効率の向上とプラズマ性能の強化にとって重要である。近年、H/(H+D)比と粒子リサイクリングを低減するために、ベーキング、グロー放電洗浄/ICRF放電洗浄、ボロナイゼーション、シリコナイゼーション、リチオナイゼーションなどの複数の表面処理技術が試みられてきた。ボロナイゼーションとシリコナイゼーションはともにプラズマ性能を向上させる合理的に有効な方法であったが、リチウムコーティングは、H含有量と粒子リサイクリングを、強化されたプラズマパラメータと運転モードの達成を可能にするのに十分な低いレベルまで低減できることが観察された。例えば、真空蒸発または微細リチウム粉末のリアルタイム注入のいずれかによるリチウムコーティングを実施することにより、H/(H+D)比は2010年秋季キャンペーン中に日常的に約5%まで低減でき、これによりICRFマイノリティ加熱効率が大幅に向上した。H/(H+D)比の低減と粒子リサイクリングの低下、およびHモードパワー閾値の低減により、改善されたプラズマ閉じ込めとEAST初のHモードプラズマが得られた。さらに、堆積リチウムの蓄積が増加するにつれて、2010年秋季キャンペーンにおいて、6.4秒間のHモード、100秒間のプラズマ持続時間、1MAのプラズマ電流など、EAST性能のいくつかの新たなマイルストーンが達成された。

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