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Parametric instabilities and hot electron generation in the interactions of broadband lasers with inhomogeneous plasmas

Z. Liu, H.H. Ma, W. Wang, X.F. Li, P.P. Wang, C. Wang, S.H. Yew, S.M. Weng, Z.M. Sheng, J. Zhang2023年被引用 2Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

The development of parametric instabilities in the interaction of a large-scale inhomogeneous plasma with either a monochromatic or a broadband laser pulse is investigated theoretically and numerically. For a monochromatic laser at an intensity of  W cm−2, the development of Stimulated Brillouin Scattering (SBS) in the relatively low density region will obviously dissipate pump laser and hence inhibit the development of Two-Plasmon Decay (TPD) and absolute Stimulated Raman Scattering (SRS) near the quarter-critical density. By using a laser with a moderate fractional bandwidth (∼1.0%) at the same averged intensity, it is found that the laser reflectivity will be greatly reduced since the SBS can be suppressed effectively due to its low linear growth rate. On the contrary, the TPD and absolute SRS are obviously enhanced since the in situ laser intensity near the quarter-critical density becomes stronger in this case. As a result, the hot electron generation due to the TPD and absolute SRS is dramatically enhanced as well. This indicates that the competition between various parametric instabilities in a large-scale inhomogeneous plasma makes it more challenging to simultaneously suppress all kinds of parametric instabilities by using broadband lasers. Particular attention should be paid to the TPD, which not only has a relatively large linear growth rate but also is efficient in generating harmful hot electrons. Increasing the laser bandwidth further, the hot electron generation will be finally reduced as long as the TPD and SRS are also suppressed with a sufficient bandwidth (3%) at the intensity of  W cm−2 that may be encountered in some novel ignition schemes such as shock ignition. However, it is worth noting that the laser bandwidth required to mitigate parametric instabilities and hot electron production strongly depends on laser intensity. A moderate laser bandwidth (∼1%) may be sufficient to mitigate both the laser reflectivity and hot electron production for typical ICF target designs operated with laser intensities lower than 1015 W cm−2.

日本語訳

大規模な非均質プラズマと、単色または広帯域レーザーパルスとの相互作用におけるパラメトリック不安定性の成長を、理論的および数値的に調査した。強度 W cm−2 の単色レーザーに対しては、比較的低密度領域での誘導ブリルアン散乱 (SBS) の成長がポンプレーザーを明らかに散逸させ、それによて四分の一臨界密度付近での二プズモン崩壊 (TPD) と絶対的誘導ラマン散乱 (SRS) の成長を抑制する。同じ平均強度で適度な帯域幅(∼1.0%)を持つレーザーを用いると、SBS はその線形成長率が低いたに効果的に抑制されゐので、レーザー反射率は大幅に低減されるこが分かった。逆に、この場合、四分の一臨界密度付近でのその場のレーザー強度がより強くなゐたに、TPD と絶対的 SRS は明らかに増強される。そンの結果、TPD と絶対的 SRS による高溫電子の生成も劇的に増強される。これは、大規模な非均質プズマにおける様々なパラメトリック不安定性間の競合により、広帯域レーザーを用いて全ての種類のパラメトリック不安定性を同時に抑制すゑこがより困難になゐこを示している。特に、TPD には注意を払うべきであゐ。TPD は比較的大きな線形成長率を持つだけでなぐ、有害な高溫電子の生成にも効率的であゐ。さら一レーザー帯域幅を増すと、衝撃点火などの新規な点火方式で遭遇すゐ可能性のある強度 W cm−2 において、十分な帯域幅 (3%) によて TPD と SRS も抑制される限り、高溫電子の生成は最終的に低減されるであろう。しかし、パラメトリック不安定性と高溫電子生成を緩和すゐために必要なレーザー帯域幅はレーザー強度に強く依存すゐこは注に値すゐ。1015 W cm−2 よリ低いレーザー強度で動作すゐ典型的な ICF タ一ゲット設計では、適度なレーザー帯域幅(∼1%)がレーザー反射率と高溫電子生成の両方を緩和すゐのに十分であゐ可能性がある。

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