In this study, we investigate the spatiotemporal dynamics of fluctuations in the presence of a toroidally directed zonal flow using two pairs of radial capacitive arrays with finer spatial resolution than the observed toroidal zonal flow. Conditional sampling is employed to evaluate frequency- and time-resolved behavior with respect to the toroidal zonal flow phase. We identify three distinct types of fluctuations, each exhibiting different spatiotemporal dynamics synchronized with the toroidal zonal flow. These modes are modulated in space and time in accordance with the phase of the toroidal zonal flow. The mechanism underlying the formation of spatiotemporal structures is discussed in terms of long-range correlations and wave-kinetic characteristics
This study investigates how turbulent fluctuations in a reversed field pinch plasma are affected by a toroidal zonal flow. The researchers used specialized sensors to observe different types of fluctuations that are synchronized with the zonal flow. They discuss how long-range correlations and wave-like behavior contribute to the formation of these spatiotemporal structures.