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A three-dimensional multi-volume analysis of combustible mixture generation due to in-vessel LOCA of ITER using the gasflow code

W Baumann, W Breitung, B Kaup, G Necker, J.R Travis2002年Fusion Engineering and DesignIF 1.7出版社

AbstractThree-dimensional distribution calculations are performed for the ITER-FEAT vacuum vessel (VV), the connected pressure suppression pool (SP) and drain tank (DT). A first-wall coolant leak without plasma shutdown is simulated. The steam, hydrogen, and air sources for this sequence are taken from best-estimate MELCOR calculations. A new extended version of gasflow is used to model the ITER-FEAT specific phenomena in adequate detail. During the accident sequence, hydrogen initially appears only in the VV due to the steam/beryllium reaction. After opening of the valves, steam and hydrogen flow from the VV through the connecting lines to the SP and the DT. Because of the ongoing steam condensation occurring in the SP, the pressure there remains permanently at a lower level compared to the other components, resulting in a continuous flow of steam and noncondensable gases into this volume. After 10 500 s of steam flow, also air starts entering the VV, and an accumulation of N2 and O2 takes place in the SP cover gas. Combustible and explosive H2–O2–N2 mixtures exist after 13 600 s, and at 21 000 s a stoichiometric H2/O2 ratio has formed, involving 13 kg of hydrogen.

日本語訳

ITER-FEAT真空容器(VV)、接続された圧力抑制プール(SP)およびドレンタンク(DT)について、三次元分布計算を実施した。プラズマ停止を伴わない第一壁冷却材漏洩をシミュレーションした。このシーケンスに対する蒸気、水素、および空気のソースは、ベストエスティメートのMELCOR計算から取得した。新しく拡張されたGASFLOWを用いて、ITER-FEAT特有の現象を十分な詳細さでモデル化した。事故シーケンス中、水素は蒸気/ベリリウム反応により当初はVV内にのみ出現する。バルブの開放後、蒸気と水素はVVから接続ラインを通ってSPおよびDTへと流れる。SP内で進行中の蒸気凝縮のため、SP内の圧力は他の構成要素と比較して恒常的に低いレベルに維持され、その結果、この容積への蒸気および非凝縮性ガスの連続的な流れが生じる。10,500秒の蒸気流の後、空気もVVへの流入を開始し、SPカバーガス内でN₂とO₂の蓄積が生じる。可燃性かつ爆発性のH₂–O₂–N₂混合気は13,600秒後に存在し、21,000秒時点で化学量論的なH₂/O₂比が形成され、13kgの水素が関与する。

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ITERIn-vessel componentsLoss-of-coolant accident
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