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Characterization of neutron emission from mega-ampere deuterium gas puff Z-pinch at microsecond implosion times

D Klir, A V Shishlov, V A Kokshenev, P Kubes, A Yu Labetsky, K Rezac, J Cikhardt, F I Fursov, B M Kovalchuk, J Kravarik2013年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

Experiments with deuterium (D2) triple shell gas puffs were carried out on the GIT-12 generator at a 3 MA current level and microsecond implosion times. The outer, middle and inner nozzle diameters were 160 mm, 80 mm and 30 mm, respectively. The influence of the mass of deuterium shells on neutron emission times, neutron yields and neutron energy spectra was studied. The injected linear mass of deuterium varied between 50 and 255 µg cm−1. Gas puffs imploded onto the axis before the peak of generator current at 700–1100 ns. Most of the neutrons were emitted during the second neutron pulse after the development of instabilities. Despite higher currents, heavier gas puffs produced lower neutron yields. Optimal mass and a short time delay between the valve opening and the generator triggering were more important than the better coincidence of stagnation with peak current. The peak neutron yield from D(d, n)3He reactions reached 3 × 1011 at 2.8 MA current, 90 µg cm−1 injected linear mass and 37 mm anode–cathode gap. In the case of lower mass shots, a large number of 10 MeV neutrons were produced either by secondary DT reactions or by DD reactions of deuterons with energies above 7 MeV. The average neutron yield ratio Y>10 MeV/Y2.5 MeV reached (6 ± 3) × 10−4. Such a result can be explained by a power law distribution for deuterons as . The optimization of a D2 gas puff Z-pinch and similarities to a plasma focus and its drive parameter are described.

日本語訳

GIT-12ジェネレータにおいて、3 MAの電流レベルとマイクロ秒の収縮時間で、重水素(D₂)トリプルシェルガスパフを用いた実験を実施した。外側、中間、内側のノズル直径はそれぞれ160 mm、80 mm、30 mmであった。重水素シェルの質量が中性子放出時間、中性子収量、および中性子エネルギースペクトルに及ぼす影響を研究した。注入された重水素の線質量は50~255 µg cm⁻¹の範囲で変化させた。ガスパフは、ジェネレータ電流のピーク前に軸上へ収縮し、その時間は700~1100 nsであった。大部分の中性子は、不安定性の発生後の第2中性子パルス中に放出された。電流が高いにもかかわらず、より重いガスパフはより低い中性子収量を生成した。最適な質量と、バルブ開放とジェネレータトリガー間の短い時間遅延が、スタグネーションと電流ピークの良好な一致よりも重要であった。D(d,n)³He反応によるピーク中性子収量は、2.8 MAの電流、90 µg cm⁻¹の注入線質量、および37 mmの陽極-陰極間ギャップにおいて3 × 10¹¹に達した。低質量のショットの場合、二次DT反応または7 MeV以上のエネルギーを持つ重陽子によるDD反応のいずれかを介して、多数の10 MeV中性子が生成された。平均中性子収量比Y>10 MeV/Y2.5 MeVは(6 ± 3) × 10⁻⁴に達した。このような結果は、重陽子のべき乗則分布によって説明できる。D₂ガスパフZピンチの最適化と、プラズマフォーカスおよびその駆動パラメータとの類似性について述べる。

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DeuteriumGas puffNeutron emission
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