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On the difference of H-mode power threshold in divertor and limiter tokamaks

D Kalupin, M Z Tokar, B Unterberg, X Loozen, D Pilipenko, R Zagorski, TEXTOR Contributors2006年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

The difference in the H-mode power threshold in divertor and limiter configurations is numerically investigated by analysing the effect of boundary conditions imposed on the last closed magnetic surface (LCMS) and given by prescribed density and temperature e-folding lengths, δn and δT, respectively. It is demonstrated that the variation of δn and δT significantly affects the H-mode power threshold. This is explained by the change in the balance between conductive and convective heat losses at the edge. For the ratio δn/δT large enough, when the convective loss does not exceed 45% of the total power, the threshold agrees well with the experimental multi-machine scaling for divertor tokamaks. With reduction in δn/δT and increase in convective loss above this critical level, the power threshold significantly exceeds the scaling, in agreement with observations on different limiter tokamaks. By considering the power and particle balances in the scrape-off layer it is shown that the ratio δn/δT is controlled by the distance which recycling neutrals pass before entering the confined plasma and which is normally much larger in divertor machines than in the limiter ones. The calculations for the limiter tokamak TEXTOR have predicted the experimentally found conditions for the L–H transition in advance.

日本語訳

ダイバータ配位とリミター配位におけるHモードパワー閾値の差異を、最外閉磁気面(LCMS)に課される境界条件の影響を解析することにより数値的に調査した。境界条件は、密度および温度のe-folding長であるδnとδTによってそれぞれ規定される。δnとδTの変化がHモードパワー閾値に有意な影響を及ぼすことが示された。これは、周辺部における伝導熱損失と対流熱損失のバランスの変化によって説明される。δn/δTが十分に大きい場合、対流損失が全パワーの45%を超えなければ、閾値はダイバータ配位のトカマクにおける実験的マシン間スケーリングとよく一致する。δn/δTが減少し対流損失がこの臨界レベルを超えると、パワー閾値はスケーリングを有意に上回り、これは異なるリミター配位トカマクでの観測結果と一致する。スクレイプオフ層におけるパワーと粒子のバランスを考慮することにより、δn/δTはリサイクリング中性粒子が閉じ込めプラズマに入射するまでに通過する距離によって制御され、この距離は通常、リミター配位の装置よりもダイバータ配位の装置の方が大きいことが示される。リミター配位トカマクTEXTORに対する計算は、L-H遷移の条件を実験的に見出された結果に先立って予測した。

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