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Peripheral temperature gradient screening of high-Z impurities in optimised 'hybrid' scenario H-mode plasmas in JET-ILW

A.R. Field, F.J. Casson, D. Fajardo, C. Angioni, C.D. Challis, J. Hobirk, A. Kappatou, Hyun-Tae Kim, E. Lerche, A. Loarte2023年被引用 6Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

Screening of high-Z (W) impurities from the confined plasma by the temperature gradient at the plasma periphery of fusion-grade H-mode plasmas has been demonstrated in the JET-ILW (ITER-like wall) tokamak. Through careful optimisation of the hybrid-scenario, deuterium plasmas with sufficient heating power ( 32 MW), high enough ion temperature gradients at the H-mode pedestal top can be achieved for the collisional, neo-classical convection of the W impurities to be directed outwards, expelling them from the confined plasma. Measurements of the W impurity fluxes between and during edge-localised modes (ELMs) based on fast bolometry measurements show that in such plasmas there is a net efflux (loss) between ELMs but that ELMs often allow some W back into the confined plasma. Provided steady, high-power heating is maintained, this mechanism allows such plasmas to sustain high performance, with an average D–D neutron rate of  s−1 over a period of ∼3 s, after an initial overshoot (equivalent to a D–T fusion power of ∼9.4 MW), without an uncontrolled rise in W impurity radiation, giving added confidence that impurity screening by the pedestal may also occur in ITER, as has previously been predicted (Dux et al 2017 Nucl. Mater. Energy12 28–35).

日本語訳

閉じ込めプラズマからの高Z(W)不純物の遮蔽が、核融合グレードのHモードプラズマの周辺部における温度勾配によって、JET-ILW(ITER類似壁)トカマクで実証された。ハイブリッドシナリオの注意深い最適化を通じて、十分な加熱パワー(32 MW)を備えた重水素プラズマでは、Hモードペデスタル上部での十分に高いイオン温度勾配が達成され、W不純物の衝突的、新古典対流が外向きに方向付けられ、それらを閉じ込めプラズマから排出することができる。高速ボロメトリー測定に基づく周辺局在モード(ELMs)間およびELM中のW不純物フラックス測定は、そのようなプラズマではELM間に正味の流出(損失)があるが、ELMはしばしば一部のWが閉じ込めプラズマに戻ることを許すことを示している。定常的で高パワーの加熱が維持されるならば、このメカニズムにより、そのようなプラズマは、初期のオーバーシュート(約9.4 MWのD–T核融合出力に相当)の後、約3秒の期間にわたって平均D–D中性子率 s−1で、W不純物放射の制御不能な上昇なしに高性能を維持することができ、ペデスタルによる不純物遮蔽がIT ERでも起こり得るという従来の予測(Duxら 2017 Nucl. Mater. Energy12 28–35)に対するさらなる確信を与える。

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