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Evidence and modeling of 3D divertor footprint induced by lower hybrid waves on EAST with tungsten divertor operations

W. Feng, L. Wang, M. Rack, Y. Liang, H.Y. Guo, G.S. Xu, J.C. Xu, J.B. Liu, Y.W. Sun, M.N. Jia2017年被引用 15Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

Three dimensional (3D) divertor particle flux footprints induced by the lower hybrid wave (LHW) have been systematically investigated in the EAST superconducting tokamak during the recent experimental campaign. We find that the striated particle flux (SPF) peaks away from the strike point (SP) closely fit the pitch of the edge magnetic field line for different safety factors q95, as predicted by a field line tracing code taking into account the helical current filaments (HCFs) in the scrape-off-layer (SOL). As LHW power increases, it requires the fuelling to be increased e.g. by super molecular beam injection (SMBI), to maintain a similar plasma density, which may be attributed to the pump-out effect due to LHW, and may thus be beneficial for EAST steady state operations. The 3D SPF structure is observed with a LHW power threshold (PLHW ~ 0.9 MW). The ratio of the particle fluxes between SPF and outer strike point (OSP), i.e. , increases with the LHW power. Upon transition to divertor detachment, the particle flux at the main OSP decreases, as expected, however, the particle flux at SPF continues increasing, in contrast to the RMP-induced striations that vanish with increasing divertor density. In addition, we also find that the in–out asymmetry of the 3D particle flux footprint pattern exhibits a clear dependence on the toroidal field direction (B  ×    ∇  B  ↓  and B  ×    ∇  B↑). Experiments using neon impurity seeding show a promising capability in 3D particle and heat flux control on EAST. LHW-induced particle and heat flux striations are also present in the H-mode plasmas, reducing the peak heat flux and erosion at the main strike point, thus facilitating long-pulse operation with a new steady-state H-mode over 60 s being recently achieved in EAST.

日本語訳

低域混成波(LHW)によって誘起される3次元(3D)ダイバータ粒子束フットプリントを、EAST超伝導トカマクにおける最近の実験キャンペーン中に系統的に調査した。ストライク点(SP)から離れてピークを示す縞状粒子束(SPF)は、スクレイプオフ層(SOL)内のヘリカル電流フィラメント(HCF)を考慮した磁力線追跡コードによって予測されるように、異なる安全係数q95に対して端部磁場線のピッチに密接に適合することがわかった。LHWパワーが増加するにつれて、同様のプラズマ密度を維持するために、例えば超分子ビーム入射(SMBI)による燃料供給の増加が必要となり、これはLHWによるポンプアウト効果に起因する可能性があり、したがってEASTの定常運転に有益である可能性がある。3D SPF構造は、LHWパワー閾値(PLHW〜0.9 MW)で観測される。SPFと外側ストライク点(OSP)の間の粒子束の比、すなわち、はLHWパワーとともに増加する。ダイバータのデタッチメントへの遷移時には、主OSPでの粒子束は予想どおり減少するが、SPFでの粒子束は増加し続ける。これは、ダイバータ密度の増加とともに消滅するRMP誘起ストライエーションとは対照的である。さらに、3D粒子束フットプリントパターンの内外非対称性が、トロイダル磁場方向(B×∇B↓およびB×∇B↑)に明確な依存性を示すことも見出した。ネオン不純物シーディングを用いた実験は、EASTにおける3D粒子・熱流束制御における有望な能力を示している。LHW誘起の粒子・熱流束ストライエーションはHモードプラズマにも存在し、主ストライク点でのピーク熱流束と侵食を低減し、最近EASTで達成された60秒を超える新しい定常Hモードによる長時間パルス運転を容易にする。

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east高精度(タイトル一致)

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DivertorTungstenEASTLower hybridTungsten divertor
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